3.2.6 - Reaction of Metal Aqua Ions

Question 1

Ions in solution

Answer 1

acidic

Question 2

Acidic solutions of metal ion that form 2+ ions

Answer 2

weaker than those that form 3+ ions

Question 3

Reaction between solutions of metal ions and NaOH

Answer 3

form a salt and water in a neutralisation reaction

Question 4

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and NaOH

Answer 4

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- –> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

Question 5

Equation for reaction between [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and NaOH

Answer 5

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- –> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

Question 6

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and NaOH

Answer 6

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- –> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

Question 7

Equation for reaction between [Al(H2O)6]3+ and NaOH

Answer 7

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- –> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

Question 8

Colour of [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] when NaOH has been added

Answer 8

green solution –> green precipitate

Question 9

Colour of [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] when NaOH has been added

Answer 9

blue solution –> blue precipitate

Question 10

Colour of [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] when NaOH has been added

Answer 10

orange solution –> brown precipitate

Question 11

Colour of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] when NaOH has been added

Answer 11

colourless solution –> white precipitate

Question 12

Equation for addition of H3O+ to [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] when NaOH has been added

Answer 12

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] –> [Al(H2O)6]3+

Question 13

Equation for addition of OH- to [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] when NaOH has been added

Answer 13

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] –> [Al(H2O)2(OH)4]-

Question 14

Reaction between solutions of metal ions and aqueous ammonia

Answer 14

form a salt and ammonium ions

Question 15

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and NH3

Answer 15

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 –> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

Question 16

Equation for reaction between [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and NH3

Answer 16

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 –> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

Question 17

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and NH3

Answer 17

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 –> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

Question 18

Equation for reaction between [Al(H2O)6]3+ and NH3

Answer 18

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 –> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

Question 19

Colour of [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] when NH3 has been added

Answer 19

green solution –> green precipitate

Question 20

Colour of [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] when NH3 has been added

Answer 20

blue solution –> blue precipitate

Question 21

Colour of [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] when NH3 has been added

Answer 21

orange solution –> brown precipitate

Question 22

Colour of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] when NH3 has been added

Answer 22

colourless solution –> white precipitate

Question 23

Reaction between copper(II) salt and excess ammonia

Answer 23

ligand substitution

Question 24

Equation for reaction between [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] and excess ammonia

Answer 24

[Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 4NH3 –> [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 2H2O + 2OH-

Question 25

Reaction between solutions of metal 2+ ions and sodium carbonate

Answer 25

form insoluble carbonates and water

Question 26

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and Na2CO3

Answer 26

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + CO3 2- --> FeCO3 + 6H2O

Question 27

Equation for reaction between [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and Na2CO3

Answer 27

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + CO3 2- --> CuCO3 + 6H2O

Question 28

Colour of FeCO3 when Na2CO3 has been added

Answer 28

green solution --> green precipitate

Question 29

Colour of CuCO3 when Na2CO3 has been added

Answer 29

blue solution --> blue-green precipitate

Question 30

Reaction between solutions of metal 3+ ions and sodium carbonate

Answer 30

form a salt, water and carbon dioxide

Question 31

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and Na2CO3

Answer 31

2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO3 2- --> 2[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

Question 32

Equation for reaction between [Al(H2O)6]3+ and Na2CO3

Answer 32

2[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO3 2- --> 2[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

Question 33

Colour of [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] when Na2CO3 has been added

Answer 33

orange solution --> brown precipitate with gentle bubbles

Question 34

Colour of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] when Na2CO3 has been added

Answer 34

colourless solution --> white precipitate with gentle bubbles

Question 35

Reaction between metal aqua ions and HCl

Answer 35

undergo ligand substitution to form tetrahedral ions with 4 Cl- ligands

Question 36

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and HCl

Answer 36

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- --> [FeCl4]2- + 6H2O

Question 37

Equation for reaction between [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and HCl

Answer 37

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- --> [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O

Question 38

Equation for reaction between [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and HCl

Answer 38

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- --> [FeCl4]- + 6H2O

Question 39

Equation for reaction between [Al(H2O)6]3+ and HCl

Answer 39

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- --> [AlCl4]- + 6H2O

Question 40

Colour of [FeCl4]2- when HCl has been added

Answer 40

green solution --> yellow solution

Question 41

Colour of [CuCl4]2- when HCl has been added

Answer 41

blue solution --> yellow solution

Question 42

Colour of [FeCl4]- when HCl has been added

Answer 42

orange solution --> yellow solution

Question 43

Colour of [AlCl4]- when HCl has been added

Answer 43

colourless solution --> colourless solution