8: thyroid gland processes and functions Flashcards
thyroid controls metabolism, measured by __ ___ __
basal metabolic rate (BMR)
thyroid regulates __, __, mobilizes __ from storage cells, and controls body ____
digestion
oxygen
fat
temperature
in CHILDREN, thyroid (along w/ somatostatin) controls (2)
growth
intellect
thyroid hormones are AMINE hormones derived from ___
tyrosine
in the first stage, transport of ___ from blood to thyroid gland occurs, as the __ __ of thyroid cell can pump it in
iodides
basal membrane
ONE iodide is transported with TWO sodium ions in the __-__ __, while the - __ __ pumps OUT sodium
sodium-iodide symporter
sodium-potassium ATPase pump
__ __ is the process of concentrating iodide
iodide trapping
the rate of iodide trapping is influenced by:
TSH
oxidation of iodine is promoted by the enzyme ____ and its accompanying ___ ___
peroxidase
hydrogen peroxide
upon stimulation of TSH, thyroxine and triiodothyronine are cleaved from ____
thyroglobulin
93% of thyroid hormone released is ____, while only 3% is ___
thyroxine
triiodothyronine
primary function of thyroid gland in CHILDREN
increase linear height
thyroid gland increases linear height in children by stimulating ___ cell activity
osteoblast
4 neurological means of the thyroid gland:
- increase cell memb perm to __ & ___
- increase synthesis of ___
- increase number of ___ for nt
- DECREASE the enzymes that ___ nt
sodium & potassium
neurotransmitters
receptors
catabolize
thyroid gland contributes to the development of the muscular system by stimulating the enzymes of __ ___
protein anabolism
