MH2 - Lymphomas Flashcards
What is the difference between leukaemia and lymphoma?
- Lymphoma is tissue disease
- Leukaemia is blood.
What staging system is used to classify the stages of Lymphoma?
Modified Ann Arbor Staging
What 6 investigations can be carried out in order to stage Lymphomas?
- Clinical examination
- FBC
- Liver Function
- CXR
- Scans (CT or PETCT)
- Bone marrow examination
What 6 criterior are evaluated to give a prognosis in Lymphomas?
- ESR
- LDH
- Anaemia
- Morbidity
- Age
- Stage
At what stage of maturation do T-cells help B-cells to develop antigens?
The later stages of maturation
Whar is ESR a marker of?
- Inflamation
- The more plasma protens the greater the inflation
What is LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) a marker for?
- Rapid tumour turnover (eg in lymphoma)
The very aggressive Burkitts lymphoma develops in which stage of maturation of B-cells?
Early maturation, in more immature B-cells
Name 5 low-grade lymphomas.
- Follicular non-hodgkins lymphoma
- Small lymphocytic lymphoma
- Marginal Zone lymphoma
- Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma
- Hairy cell leukaemia
What are the presenting features of low grade lymphomas?
- Rubbery lymph nodes (peripheral lymphadenopathy)
- Abdominal mass
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
What are ‘B’ Symptoms?
Systemic systems:
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
What translocation is the hallmark of follicular lymphoma, and what gene are associated with this?
- t(14:18)
- BCL2/IGH
What translocation is associated with Burkitts lymphoma, and what genes are associated with this?
- t(8:14)
- MYC/IGH
What effect does the translocation t(14:18) found in follicular lymphoma have?
Increased expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL2
Does chemotherapy work on Follicular lymphoma?
No
