Lec 23

Question 1

what type of epithelium forms the epidermis?

Answer 1

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 2

what are principal cell type?

Answer 2

keratinocytes

Question 3

what are the 5 layers of the stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 3

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

Question 4

what is the intercellular bridge? and what layer is it found in?

Answer 4

desmosomes

found in stratum spinosum

Question 5

in the thin skin layer, what layers are absent and reduced?

Answer 5

THIN stratum corneum
NO stratum lucidum
THIN, patchy stratum granulosum
THIN stratum spinosum

(stratum basale is high mitotic rate)

Question 6

what are the structures found in the dermis?

Answer 6

blood vessels
lymph vessels
nerve glands
hair follicles
muscle fibers

Question 7

what are the two principle types of gland found in dermis

Answer 7

sweat glands

sebaceous glands

Question 8

what are the two types of sweat glands

Answer 8

eccrine sweat gland

apocrine sweat gland

Question 9

which sweat gland has

• small widely distributed glands
• mechanism for cooling

Answer 9

eccrine sweat gland

Question 10

which sweat gland has

• oily and foamy secretion
• most common in the groin, axilla and scrotum of dogs and cats
• most common type of sweat gland in domestic animals

Answer 10

apocrine sweat gland

Question 11

what are the four types of sensory receptors in skin

Answer 11

merkels cells
meissner’s corpuscles
pacinian corpuscles
free nerve endings

Question 12

what are the two types of hair follicles

Answer 12

single follicle

compound follicle

Question 13

which hair follicle has one hair emerging from a single opening

Answer 13

single follicle

Question 14

which hair follicle has several hairs emerging from a single opening

Answer 14

compound follicle

Question 15

what animals have single follicle

Answer 15

horse, cattle, pig, and sheep

Question 16

what animals have compound follicle

Answer 16

dog, cat, sheep (wool growing areas)

Question 17

which muscle fiber can contract to pull the hair perpendicular to the skin surface

Answer 17

arrector pili

Question 18

what type of muscle does the arrector pili have

Answer 18

smooth muscle fiber

Question 19

what are the 4 specialized glands of the skin

Answer 19

carpal gland
caudal gland
ceruminous gland
perioral gland

Question 20

what are the name of pads on the distal limbs of carnivores

Answer 20

carpal bad
metacarpal pad
digital pads

Question 21

what are the two types of teeth

Answer 21

brachydont

hypsodont

Question 22

which teeth is low-crowned

the enamel covers only the crown

Answer 22

brachydont teeth

Question 23

which teeth is high-crowned
the enamel envelops the body but not root
no distinct neck

Answer 23

hypsodont teeth

Question 24

what are the three parts of brachydont teeth

Answer 24

crown
neck
root

Question 25

what are the two parts of hypsodont teeth

Answer 25

body

root

Question 26

what are the three substances that make up teeth

Answer 26

cementurm
enamel
dentin

Question 27

what are the different surfaces of the teeth

Answer 27

vestibular surface
lingual surface
contact surface
-mesial contact surface
-distal contact surface
masticatory surface
Incisors
Canine
Cheek teeth

Question 28

which faces the lips or cheek

Answer 28

vestibular surface

Question 29

which faces the tongue

Answer 29

lingual surface

Question 30

which faces the median plane on incisors and rostrally on canine and check teeth

Answer 30

mesial contact surface

Question 31

which faces away from the median plane on incisors, and caudally on canine and check teeth

Answer 31

distal contact surface

Question 32

what is the dental formula for dogs

both permanent and deciduous

Answer 32

deciduous
2 ( I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/3 )

Permanent
2 ( I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3 )