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BMS 337 (Neuro) > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q
A
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3
Q
  1. olfactory is carried by what nerve?
  2. what is its origin?
  3. destination?
A
  1. olfactory nerve
    • cranial nerve 1
  2. Origin: Olfactory cells of olfactory epithelium
  3. Destination: Olfactory bulb
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4
Q

How does the olfactory nerve get to the cerebral cortex?

A

through the olfactory tract

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5
Q
  1. What is the olfactory’s tract origin?
  2. Destination?
A
  1. Origin: Olfactory Bulb
  2. Destination: Piriform lobe
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6
Q
  1. 1?
  2. 2?
    • What does this do?
  3. 3?
A
  1. olfactory epithelium
  2. olfactory cell
    • Olfactory receptor cells are collecting the olfactory information (smells)
    • Note: cell bodies are located in the olfactory epithelium
  3. olfactory nerve fiber
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7
Q

4?

5?

6?

A

4- cribiform plate

5- olfactory bulb

  • Note: olfactory nerve fibers project here

6- olfactory tract

  • note: fibers from olfactory bulb then go to the tract
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8
Q

1

2

3

A
  1. Olfactory cell
  2. Cilia
  3. olfactory nerve fiber
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9
Q

1

A

Olfactory bulb

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10
Q

1?

2?

3?

4?

A
  1. Olfactory bulb
  2. Medial olfactory tract
  3. Lateral olfactory tract
  4. Pyriform lobe
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11
Q

5?

6?

7?

A

5- Cilia (part of olfactory cell)

6- olfactory cell

7- olfactory nerve (I)

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12
Q

On what side does the left lateral olfactory tract go to and where?

A

goes to left side (ipsilateral) to the pyriform lobe

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13
Q

which structures are derived from the diencephalon

A
  1. Thalamus
  2. Epithalamus
  3. Hypothalamus
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14
Q

what is the the job of the thalamus?

A
  • Integrates sensory and motor information and projects to cerebral cortex.
    • kind of like an assistant, removes all other chatter to only show important information
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15
Q

Technically the thalamus is what?

A

Group of bilateral nuceli (collection of cell bodies in CNS)

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16
Q

1

2

3

A
  1. Corpus callosum
  2. Septum
  3. Thalamus
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17
Q

4?

5?

A

4- cerebral cortex

5- caudate nuclei

18
Q

1

2

A
  1. Hippocampus
  2. thalamic nuclei
19
Q

3?

4?

A

3- lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

4- medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

20
Q
  1. What does the lateral geniculate nucleus recieve and where
  2. where does it project to
A
  1. receives visual information from retina
  2. primary visual cortex of the cerebral cortex
21
Q
  1. what does the medial geniculate nucleus recieve and from where
  2. where does it project to
A
  1. auditory information from the organ of corti
  2. project to temporal lobe in the primary auditory cortex
22
Q

in the Thalamic nuclei, where does the following types of information project to

  1. Somatic and Visceral Sensory Receptors
  2. Motor Information
A
  1. primary somesthetic area
  2. cerebellum and basal nuclei
23
Q

Only one area that goes to the cortex that will not go through the thalamus

  • what is it?
A

olfactory, will go to the piriform lobe

24
Q

what goes to the cortex but not through the thalamus?

A

olfactory

25
Q
  1. 1?
  2. what is its function
A
  1. Internal capsule
  2. Everything from thalamus will project to cortex via the internal capsule
26
Q
  1. what is it
    • what does it do
  2. what is it
    • what does it do
  3. what is it
    • what does it do
A
  1. Epithalamus: (also called Pineal gland).
    • Endocrine structure, releases melatonin in response to darkness.
  2. Hypothalamus:
    • Multiple nuclei, broad spectrum of functions.
27
Q

3- what is it? what is another name for it?

4- what is it?

A

3- Hypophysis: (Also called Pituitary)

4- thalamus

28
Q

What is the posterior pituitary derived from

A

diencephalon.

29
Q

blue circle

A

epithalamus (pineal gland)

30
Q

1?

A

Optic chiasm

31
Q

1?

2?

3?

A
  1. Thalamus
  2. Hypothalamus
  3. Internal capsule
32
Q

optic nerve (cranial nerve II)

  1. where are the axons from
  2. what do they carry?
A
  1. Axons of retinal ganglion cells
  2. Carry visual information from eye to nuclei in brain
33
Q

1

2

3

A
  1. Retina
  2. Optic Nerve (CN II)
  3. Optic Chiasm
34
Q

4

5

A

4- Optic tract

5- lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus

35
Q
  1. what is special about optic chiasm?
  2. why is optic tract different than optic nerve?
A
  1. Some axons in optic chiasm go to the contralateral and ipsilateral side of brain
  2. Called optic tract because the mix of axons are different than optic nerve
36
Q

1

2

3

4

A
  1. eye
  2. optic nerve
  3. optic chiasm
  4. optic tract
37
Q

5

A

Pituitary, hypophysis

38
Q

how do you assess the cranial nerve 2?

A
  1. Pupillary Light Reflex (PLR)
  2. Visual reflex
  3. Menace Response
39
Q

how does the Pupillary Light Reflex (PLR) work

A
  • Visual information from one eye (light directed at eye) is carried to brain and causes both pupils to constrict.
  • Eg. light in left eye causes both left and right pupils to constrict.
40
Q

how does visual reflex work

A

Turn head towards something in peripheral vision

41
Q
  1. how does menance response work
  2. what is special about this response in young animals
A
  1. act as though you will hit one eye and see if they blink
  2. does not work with young animals because it will involve other pathways
42
Q
  1. left and right cerebral cortex connected by?
  2. what type of matter is it?
A
  1. corpus callosum
  2. white matter

BMS 337 (Neuro) (14 decks)

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