Cardiovascular Flashcards
MRS ASS
Mitral regurgitation - systolic murmur
Aortic stenosis - systolic murmur
What is shock?
The abnormality of the circulation system resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation
mean arterial blood pressure =
Cardiac output x total peripheral resistance or
Stroke volume x heart rate x total peripheral resistance
What is hypertenison?
A disorder where the level of sustained arterial pressure is higher than expected foe the age,sex and race of an individual
The ability of the heart to beat rhythmically in the absence of external stimuli
Autorhythmicity
Where is the SA node located ?
Upper right atrium near where the SVC enters the RA
What occurs at Phase 0 of Ventricular action potential
Fast Na influx
What occurs at Phase 1 of Ventricular action potential
Closure of Na channels and transient K channels
How does warfarin work?
It blocks hepatic Vitamin K reductase to prevent the carboxylation of clothing factors into their activated form
Describe the features of an arterial thrombus
Is a “white thrombus”. Mainly platelets in a fibrin mesh
forms an embolus if it detaches from its site of origin (e.g. left heart, carotid artery) often lodges in an artery in the brain (stroke), or other organ
Does warfarin work in vivo, in vitro or both?
In vivo
Describe the feature of a venous thrombus
Is a “red thrombus”. White head, jelly-like red tail, fibrin rich
if detaches forms an embolus that usually lodges in the lung (pulmonary embolism)
In what type of patients should you not use LMWH’s?
Ones with renal failure
What factor/s does unfractionated heparin inhibit?
Factor IIa and Xa
What factor/s does LMWH inhibit?
Factor Xa
