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Med Surg 33&34 > 33&34 > Flashcards

33&34 Flashcards

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1
Q

____ ____ target specific system of defense against infectious foreign or cancerous cells carried out primarily by lymphocytes

A

Immune response

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2
Q

____ are the process of engulfing and digesting bacteria and foreign material

A

Phagocytosis

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3
Q

_____ is substances that when interacting with allergens cause an immediate hypersensitivity response

A

Immunoglobulins

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4
Q

____ is chemicals that relay messages throughout the immune system and the brain

A

Cytokines

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5
Q

___ is the inability to mount an immune response

A

Anergy

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6
Q

____ is a foreign substance that induces on an immune response

A

Antigens

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7
Q

____ is chemical substances that destroy foreign agents such as microorganisms

A

Antibodies

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8
Q

____ ____ is the formation of antibodies

A

Humoral response

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9
Q

____-____ ____ occurs when T cells survey proteins in the body actively analyze the surface features and respond to those that differ from the host by firstly attacking the invading antigen

A

Cell-mediated response

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10
Q

What are the general components of the immune system

A

WBC, antibodies, complement system, lymphatic spleen and thymus

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11
Q

______ ____ ____ immunity occurs as a direct result of infection by a specific microorganism

A

Naturally acquired active immunity

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12
Q

____ _____ ___ immunity results from administration of a killed or weakened microorganism or toxoid

A

Artificially acquired active immunity

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13
Q

_______ _____ manufacture in bone marrow and travel to the thymus gland where they mature to become either a regulator Tcell or effector T cells

A

T-cell Lymphocytes

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14
Q

_____ Tcells are made up of helpers and suppressor cells

A

Regulator Tcells

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15
Q

____ Tcells are killer (hypotoxic) cells

A

Effector T cells

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16
Q

______ _____ mature in the bone marrow and migrate to the spleen and other lymphoid tissues such as the lymph nodes

A

B cell lymphocytes

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17
Q

______

LOCATED: intravascular and intercellular fluid.

Function: neutralizes bacterial toxins. Accelerates phagocytosis

A

IgG

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18
Q

______

LOCATION: body secretions such as saliva, sweat, tears, mucus, bile, colostrum

FUNCTION: interferes with entry of pathogens through exposed structures or pathways

A

IgA

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19
Q

______

LOCATED: intravascular serum

FUNCTION: agglutinates (clusters) antigens and lyses (dissolves) cell walls

A

IgM

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20
Q

______

LOCATION: surface of lymphocytes

FUNCTION: binds to antigens; promotes secretion of other immunoglobulins

A

IgD

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21
Q

_____

LOCATION: surface of basophils and mast (connective tissue) cells

FUNCTION: promotes release of vasoactive chemicals such as histamine and bradykinin I’m allergic hypersensitivity and inflammatory reactions

A

IgE

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22
Q

a damaging immune response by the body to a substance, especially pollen, fur, a particular food, or dust, to which it has become hypersensitive.

A

Allergy

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23
Q

____ antigens that can cause an allergic response

A

Allergen

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24
Q

A disorder in which kill T cells are present

A

Autoimmune disorders

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25
____ is where chemical and cellular events occur after a second or subsequent exposure to an allergen
Sensitization
26
_____ is a form of autoimmunotherapy a person receives an injection of dilute but increasingly higher concentrations of an allergen with interruption
Desensitization
27
______ ____ constitutes of connective tissue that contains granules of heparin, Serotonin, bradykinin, and histamine
Mast cells
28
____ are granulocytes that are active in allergic contact dermatitis and some delayed hypersensitivity reactions
Basophils
29
____ are granulocytes that destroy parasites and okay a major role in allergic reactions
Eosinophils
30
___ means hives
Urticaria
31
____ is a rapid and profound type one sensitivity response
Anaphylaxis
32
_____ _____ is acute swelling of face, neck, lips, larynx, hands, feet, genitals, and internal organs
Angioneurotic edema
33
_____ is the process of attracting migratory cells to a particular area in the body
Chemotaxis
34
____ ____ validates potentially hypersensitive to antigen substances
RAST TEST
35
_____ is antibodies against self antigens
Autoantibodies
36
_____ is periods of acute flare ups
Exacerbation
37
____ is asymptomatic periods
Remission
38
____ ____ develops when ready made antibodies are given to a susceptible person
Passive immunity
39
_____ ____ _____ is a complex of symptoms primarily characterized by profound fatigue with no identifiable cause
Chronic fatigue syndrome
40
_____ is pain in the fibrous tissues of the body such as muscles, ligaments, and tendons
Fibromyalgia
41
______ is an immune response that is waged against transplant organs and tissues that carry nonself antigens
Alloimmunity
42
____ ____ is where cell surface proteins match an individuals own genetic code or assist the immune system to identify foreign molecules
Histocompatable cells
43
What type of allergen From food (peanuts, milk, wheat, eggs, and fish) and drugs (aspirin, sulfonamides, antibiotics, especially penicillin) Common reaction: dermatitis, asthma, anaphylaxis, urticaria, angioedema, serum sickness
Ingestants
44
What type of allergens House dust and mites, insect excrement( animal products, dander, saliva, urine) pollens and spores Common reaction: contact dermatitis, urticaria, or anaphylaxis
Contactants
45
What allergen is this From drugs and bee venom Common reactions: anaphylaxis, angioedema, acute urticaria
Injectants
46
An allergic reaction is an excessive response of the immune system to certain substances called
Allergens
47
A protein agent that destroys or inactivates an invading agent is an
Antibody
48
The type of blood cell that is responsible for combating invading organs js are
Leukocytes
49
Another term used interchangeably with allergy is
Hypersensitivity
50
In an allergic reason you can expect to see an elevation in this antibody
IgE
51
When working with a patient who is experiencing an allergic reaction the nurse should observe for which potentially fatal complication
Anaphylaxis
52
Allergens such as pollens and weeds may be classified as
Inhalant
53
Resistance to a specific disease is called
Immunity
54
Hay fever is classified as an ___ disorders
Atopic
55
Hay fever is an example of a __reaction
Immediate
56
Hay fever is caused by an ___ ___ reaction
Antigen-antibody reaction
57
The type of leukocytes elevated during an allergic reaction are 1. 2.
Basophils | Eosinophils
58
Epinephrine is classified as a ______ and _____
Adrenergic and sympathomimetic
59
Acute means
Fast
60
Classic S.E of antihistamines are
Drowsiness, dry mouth, urinary frequency, dizziness, nose and throat, blurred vision. N/V
61
___ attracts a macrophage
Complement
62
______ ____ ____ function to convert plasma cells and initiate rapid response
Memory B cells
63
_____ ____ ____ function to comparing antigen on cells (self/nonself)
Helper T cells
64
______ engulf and digest. Travel/fixed
Macrophages
65
_____ ____ ____ function to limited or Turns off response
Suppressor T cells
66
____ ____ ____ bind to foreign and destroy it
Cytotoxic T cells
67
_____ ____ produce antibodies
Plasma cells
68
____ is a term that means “to buy food” and is part of complement as well as humoral immunity antibody action
Opsonization
69
The first antibody response to a foreign antigen is usually
Slow and small amount
70
Natural killer cells are believed to eliminate foreign cells by damaging the cell ___
Membrane
71
____ is the process of rejection of transplanted tissue
Alloimmunity
72
The vital sign that is particularly important to monitor in a patient with CFS is
BP
73
The primary goal in treating autoimmune disorders is
Remission
74
The type of diet used in detecting and treating food allergies
Elimination
75
Immunotherapy to treat allergies is helpful by
Stimulating antibody formation
76
Mast cells contain and release vasoactive granules of ___\ I’m allergic reactions
Histamine
77
Types of auto immune disorders 1. Hemolytic anemia 2. TTP thrombocytopenic purpura 3. MS 4. Guillain-Barré syndrome 5. Endocarditis 6. Myasthenia gravis 7. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis 8. Type 1 diabetes 9. Uveitis 10. Ankylosing sponsylitis 11. Ulcerative colitis 12. RA 13. Sjögren’s syndrome
Know
78
Nursing interventions for CFS Have client to identify ADLS of high priority. Determine ADLS that the client can delegate Help client perform one or more priority ADLS during a period of peak energy Schedule 5-10 min rest periods every hour or more Assist client to perform gentle stretching exercises in a chair followed by low grade active exercises recommended by physician or PT for 2-5 min daily
Set limits keep physical and mental stress manageable delegation ensures completion of ADLS without the client expending personal energy
79
If a clients lips started swelling along with urticaria and c/o dyspnea you should expect
Anaphylaxis
80
Diseases causes by the immune systems failure to recognize histocompatable cells are ____ disorders
Autoimmune
81
The period of time when a disease process is not active and the client is asymptomatic is called
Remission
82
PPD inj is for
Muran, methotrexate, cyclosporine
83
A person whose immune system is compromised is susceptible to
Infection

Med Surg 33&34 (1 decks)

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