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3.3 Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

Ionising radiation

3

A

Helpful but harmful
Certain parts of the electromagnetic spectrum we use in our daily lives pose hazards that are specific to the type of electromagnetic wave
•cancer is diagnosed / treated using this

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2
Q

Radiotherapy

A

The treatment of cancer using ionising radiation-this damages/destroys cells in the area being treated,making it impossible for the cells to continue to grow

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3
Q

2 examples of transverse waves, and what do they form?

A

•x rays
•gamma rays
Form electromagnetic radiation

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4
Q

What does an alpha particle consist of?

A

2 protons

2 neutrons

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5
Q

What is beta?

A

An electron

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6
Q

What is gamma?

A

Very high-energy (ionising) electromagnetic wave

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7
Q

Alpha mass compared with proton

A

4

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8
Q

Beta mass compared with proton

A

1/2000

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9
Q

Gamma mass compared with proton

A

0

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10
Q

Alpha charge compared with proton

A

+2

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11
Q

Beta charge compared with proton

A

-1

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12
Q

Gamma charge compared with proton

A

0

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13
Q

How ionising is alpha?

A

Very

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14
Q

How ionising is beta?

A

Weakly

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15
Q

How ionising is gamma?

A

Very weakly

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16
Q

Penetrating power of alpha

A

Absorbed by skin,thick paper or 10cm of air

17
Q

Penetrating power of beta

2

A

Passes through skin,thin aluminium or a few metres of air

•absorbed by lead

18
Q

Penetrating power of gamma

2

A
  • Very penetrating.

* Partly absorbed by dense materials like lead or concrete

19
Q

What are gamma rays detected using?

A

A gamma camera.

20
Q

The use of high-energy (ionising) radiation….

A

Can be dangerous and needs to be monitored

21
Q

What do people who work with radiation wear?

22
Q

Why are film badges monitored regularly to check radiation?

A

If molecules in living cells are damaged,the cells may die,turn cancerous or stop working permanently.
•they give info to help limit exposure

23
Q

x ray - diagnosing medical disorders

A

pass easily through flesh but not denser (bone)

detected using photographic film

24
Q

construction of a film badge

A

paper. lead

plastic cover. aluminium.

25
what is a tracer
specially formulated substances which collect in a specific part of the body
26
tracers- what do the substances emit
gamma ray signals which are detected using gamma camera
27
a&i'd ioninising
kill cancerous cells | kill healthy cells