3.3 First Aid Flashcards by Michael Lucas

Priorities of first aid

Preserve life
Alleviate suffering
Prevent situation from getting worse
Promote casualty recovery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Contents of a first aid box

Sterile dressing
Sling
Safety pins
Wipes
Disposable gloves
Pocket mask
Foil Blanket
etc

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hygiene procedures

Wear disposable gloves and apron
Wash hands before and after treatment
Dress any of your own cuts first
Don’t cough/sneeze on the wound

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Difference between a sign and a symptom

A sign is what you can observe, a symptom is what the casualty tells you

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a primary survey

Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for an unconscious casualty

Complete a primary survey and do CPR if necessary
Loosen clothes around neck, chest, waist
Recovery position
Record every 10 mins
Don’t give them food or drink

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Signs and symptoms of heart attack

Dizziness, nausea
Tingling in left arm
Rapid, weak pulse
Pale grey skin
Coughing
Blue lips
Clutching chest
Collapse

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for heart attack

Call 999/112
Half sitting position
Loosen clothing around neck and waist
Be prepared to perform CPR
Advise taking 300mg aspirin pill

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Signs and symptoms of shock

Dizziness
Confused
Disoriented
Blue skin and lips
Weak, rapid pulse
Rapid, shallow breathing
Unconsciousness

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for shock

Get casualty lying with legs up
Loosen clothing around breathing areas
Treat the cause of shock
Keep them warm
Don’t give food and drink
Call 999/112

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Signs and symptoms for asthma attack

Breathing difficulties
Wheezing
Struggling to talk
Pale skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for asthma attack

Reassure
Comfortable position
Ask if they have medication
Assist them in taking medication
Keep them warm
Call 999/112 if:
Unconscious, or lasts longer than normal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis

Swollen tongue, lips, hands
Rashes
Difficulty breathing
Vomiting

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for anaphylaxis

Ask them if they have an auto-injector
Call 999/112
Remove them from the source
Monitor casualty, be prepared to do CPR

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Signs and symptoms of hyperventilation

Rapid, shallow breathing
Weak, rapid pulse
Panic
Dizziness

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for hyperventilation

Remove casualty from source
Reassure them and encourage them to breathe slowly and deeply
Give slow sips of water
Be prepared to call 999/112

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Purposes of dressings

Prevent severe blood loss
Prevent infection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Difference between a burn and a scald

Study These Flashcards

Burn is dry, scald is wet

Treatments for burns and scalds

Study These Flashcards

Pour cool running water over the burn for at least 10 mins
Don’t remove clothing from burn
Remove jewellery
Cover with a dressing

Signs and symptoms of electric shock

Study These Flashcards

Two burns (entry and exit point)
Pain
Jolt
Unconsciousness

Treatment for electric shock

Study These Flashcards

Isolate power source
Don’t touch the casualty with conductive things
Call 999/112
Complete primary survey
Treat for shock
If unconscious, recovery position

4 types of fracture

Study These Flashcards

Open - penetrates skin
Closed - doesn’t penetrate skin
Complicated- injury to major blood vessels, lungs, nerves, etc
Greenstick - bent

Signs and symptoms of sprains and strains

Study These Flashcards

Swelling
Bruising

Treatment for sprains and strains

Study These Flashcards

Rest
Ice
Comfortable position
Elevation

Difference between a sprain and a strain

Sprain is ligaments, strain is muscles

Treatment for cramp

Help casualty stretch muscle Encourage rest

Signs and symptoms of head injuries

Dizziness Short term memory loss Headache Bleeding or depression in head

Treatment for head injury

Call 999/112 Encourage casualty to lie down, keep spine in line

Signs and symptoms of eye injuries

Itchy Pain Watering Red Inability to open eye

Treatment for eye injuries

If there is a foreign body in the eye, wash it out with sterile solution/tap water and pour away from eye. If one eye won’t open, close other eye. Arrange medical attention

Treatment for dental injuries

Place ice pack on cheek Retrieve broken parts Place tooth back in socket (or in milk if not possible Seek immediate attention from dentist

Treatment for fainting

Primary survey Treat for shock

Signs and symptoms of stroke

Face Arms Speech Time

Treatment for stroke

Call 999/112 Lie casualty down with head and shoulders raised Reassure Monitor If unconscious, recovery position

Poisoning treatments

Move casualty to safe place Remove cause Do not induce vomiting If unconscious, recovery position Call 999/112 Be prepared to do CPR

Treatment for insect bites

Wipe bite away with a credit card

Signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia

Faintness Confusion Pale skin Shallow breathing Sweating

Treatment for hypoglycaemia

Give them a sugary drink Be prepared to call 999/112 and perform CPR if necessary

Signs and symptoms of a seizure

Sudden collapse Rolling eyes Blue lips Muscles clench and back arch

Treatment for seizures in water

Support casualty to keep face out of water Allow limbs to move, but guide casualty away from any hazards Once finished, remove from pool Monitor breathing, usual steps

Treatment for seizures out of water

Remove objects which could cause harm Protect head by putting pillow underneath Loosen clothing around breathing areas Time seizure Monitor casualty, usual steps

When should you call 999/112 for seizures?

If it lasts longer than 5 mins If there is a second seizure If there has been a serious injury If it is the casualty’s first every seizure If the casualty doesn’t wake up for 10 mins afterwards If the seizure if different to usual

What is a secondary survey?

Comprehensive check on everything. Scan whole body Check for bruising, bleeding, discolouration, etc Ask questions

What three things should you do after an accident?

Clean up Fill up Write up

3.3 First Aid Flashcards

(44 cards)