Mechanisms of Self-Regulation Failure

Question 1

Underregulation

Answer 1

failure to exert control

Question 2

Misregulation

Answer 2

• exerting control in a way that fails to produre the desired result
• “set up” by underregulation
• majority involve some kind of deficiency in self-knowledge
• overgeneralization and over control

Question 3

Standard Deficits

Answer 3

• Lack of Standards
• Multiple Standards that are in conflict or
incompatible
• False consensus effect

Question 4

False Consensus Effect

Answer 4

Overestimation of the numbers of people involved in a particular behavior
The “Everybody’s doing it” effect

Question 5

Monitoring Failure

Answer 5

• Deindividuation

* Disinhibition

Question 6

Deindividuation

Answer 6

loss of self-awareness and evaluation

Question 7

Disinhibition

Answer 7

to remove inhibitions or to remove a suppression of an action, emotion or thought

Question 8

Strength Failure

Answer 8

• Inability to make oneself conform to the relevant standard
• Self-stopping
• 3 reasons for strength failure: chronic, temporary and external weaknesses

Question 9

3 Main Reasons for Inadequate Strength

Answer 9

• Chronic weakness- lack of ego control
• Temporary weakness- fatigue, stress and negative emotions
• Externally-mediated weakness- unlimited access

Question 10

Ego Control

Answer 10

capability of controlling ones impulses, desires, and actions

Question 11

Zero Tolerance Beliefs

Answer 11

no misstep, no violation, can be allowed, because it will lead almost inevitably to disaster

Question 12

Abstinence Violation Effect

Answer 12

indulging in

activities one has forbidden oneself leads to large scale indulgence

Question 13

Acquiescence

Answer 13

-consciously abandoning self-regulation

Question 14

Psychological Inertia

Answer 14

• longer someone is doing something, the
  more difficult it is to stop
  1. Zeigarnik Effect
  2. Implication

Question 15

Transcendence Deficits

Answer 15

• Renegade attention

* Transcendence failure

Question 16

Renegade Attention

Answer 16

loss of control of attention such that a tempting stimulus manages to capture the person’s attention

Question 17

Transcendence Failure

Answer 17

1. Inability to see beyond the immediate stimulus environment
2. To escape from emotional distress, people may shift toward more immediate and less meaningful styles of thinking
3. Negative self-appraisal lead to “cognitive narrowing”

Question 18

Overgeneralization

Answer 18

• people assume what works for one problem in one setting will work in others
  1. Starts with a deficiency in knowledge, especially self-knowledge
  2. People feel better indulging in drugs but drugs make their mood worse

Question 19

Over Control

Answer 19

-The desire to believe that one can control
when one cannot
1. Trying control things that are not controllable believe that one can exert control when one cannot
2. Emotional focusing- focusing particularly on controlling one’s emotions rather than on controlling whatever is the primary concern

Question 20

Standards Monitoring Strength

Answer 20

Underregulation–> failure

Misregulation<– over doing

Question 21

Transcendence

Answer 21

seeing beyond the immediate stimulus environment

Question 22

Rumination

Answer 22

meditation, reflective consideration (chewing your cud) to the extreme

Question 23

Zeigarnik Effect

Answer 23

-particularly difficult to

interrupt a response sequence in the middle

Question 24

Implication

Answer 24

-self-regulation most effective if instigated as early as possible