Chapter 6- Esophagus

Question 1

** What is the function of the esophagus?

Answer 1

transfer bolus to the stomach from the oropharynx

Question 2

** The SURFACE EPITHELIUM of the MUCOSA in the esophagus is made up of _______ epithelium

Answer 2

stratified squamous

Question 3

Which layer of the mucosa in the esophagus contains Langerhans cells?

Answer 3

surface epithelium

Question 4

Which layer of the mucosa in the esophagus is made up of loose areolar CT?

Answer 4

lamina propria

Question 5

What is the function of the LAMINA PROPRIA in the mucosa of the esophagus?

Answer 5

produce natural mucus (to protect esophageal epithelium)

Question 6

** What are the TWO regions that the LAMINA PROPRIA (esophagus) is located?

Answer 6

near the PHARYNX

near the STOMACH

Question 7

Which layer of the mucosa in the esophagus is a discontinuous layer of longitudinal muscle?

Answer 7

muscularis mucosa

Question 8

** The muscularis mucosa of the esophagus is _______ distally (by the pharynx) and ______ proximally (by the stomach)

Answer 8

thinner

thicker

Question 9

Which layer of the esophagus is made up of DENSE fibroelastic CT?

Answer 9

submucosa

Question 10

** What layer of the ESOPHAGUS contains the ESOPHAGEAL (proper) GLANDS?

Answer 10

submucosa

Question 11

What is the function of ___________ in the submucosa of the esophagus is to PRODUCE SLIGHTLY ACIDIC MUCUS TO FACILITATE THE MOVEMENT OF FOOD

Answer 11

esophageal glands

Question 12

________ (from the Vagus N) stimulate peristalsis and inhibit sphincters and activate secretion

Answer 12

parasympathetics

Question 13

________ (from Splanchnic N) inhibit peristalsis and contract sphincters and control blood flow to the gut

Answer 13

sympathetics

Question 14

** The UPPER 1/3 of the muscularis externa in the esophagus is all ______ muscle

Answer 14

skeletal

Question 15

The MIDDLE 1/3 of the muscularis externa in the esophagus is a mixture of ________ and ________ muscle

Answer 15

smooth

skeletal

Question 16

** The LOWER 1/3 of the muscularis externa in the esophagus is all ________ muscle

Answer 16

smooth

Question 17

What are the TWO physiological sphincters of the esophagus?

Answer 17

pharygoesophageal (sphincter)

gastroesophageal (sphincter)

Question 18

Which esophageal sphincter is located between the oropharynx and the esophagus?

Answer 18

pharygoesophageal (sphincter)

Question 19

Which esophageal sphincter is located between the esophagus and the stomach?

Answer 19

gastroesophageal (sphincter)

Question 20

** The esophageal sphincters have NO thickening of ________ muscle in the muscularis externa

Answer 20

circular (muscle)

Question 21

The _________ of esophageal sphincters helps in aiding movement

Answer 21

pressure gradient

Question 22

Which layer of the Esophageal mucosa contains the ESOPHAGEAL CARDIAC GLANDS?

Answer 22

lamina propria