3.3.6. Organic analysis

Question 1

What is observed when sodium is added to an alcohol?

Answer 1

Fizzing

Question 2

What is observed when potassium dichromate is added to a primary or secondary alcohol?

Answer 2

Turns from orange to green

Question 3

What is the test to differentiate between an aldehyde or a ketone?

Answer 3

Fehling’s, Benedict’s or Tollen’s

Question 4

What is the test and observation for an alkene?

Answer 4

Bromine water, turns from orange to colourless

Question 5

What are the steps to test for a halogenoalkane?

Answer 5

Add sodium hydroxide, nitric acid, then silver nitrate

Question 6

What is the observation when using silver nitrate to test for the different halogenoalkanes?

Answer 6

Chlorine gives white precipitate, bromine cream, iodine yellow

Question 7

What is the test and observation for a carboxylic acid?

Answer 7

Add sodium hydrogen carbonate, fizzing

Question 8

How can the results from mass spectrometry be used to work out the molecular mass of a compound?

Answer 8

By the mass of the final peak in the spectrum

Question 9

How can high resolution mass spectrometry distinguish between molecules with the same molecular mass?

Answer 9

By resolving their masses to a greater/more precise number of decimal places

Question 10

How does the absorption of infrared radiation can be used to indicate the presence of certain functional groups in an organic molecule in IR spectroscopy?

Answer 10

Different bonds vibrate at differe frequences, and will absorb radiation at the same frequency

Question 11

What is the fingerprint region in an IR spectrum?

Answer 11

The region of just below 1500 containing many peaks unique to each molecule