endcrinology

Question 0

Nateglinide and Repaglinide: side effects

Answer 0

Hypoglycemia

Question 1

Contraindications to Thiazoladinediones

Answer 1

Patients with CHF should not take these drugs

Question 2

In a patient with DKA, what is the most accurate way to measure the severity of the condition

Answer 2

Measure the serum bicarbonate level to determine the anion gap

Question 3

treatment of Gastroparesis

Answer 3

Metoclopromide and erythromycin

Question 4

diagnosis of gastroparesis

Answer 4

Gastric emptying study with tagged radioisotopes

Question 5

treatment of diabetic retinopathy

Answer 5

laser photocoagulation

Question 6

treatment of pain caused by diabetic neuropathy

Answer 6

Pregabalin
gabapentin
TCA(amytriptaline, nortryptaline)
duloxetine
carbamezapine
tramadol

Question 7

mechanism of action of PTU

Answer 7

inhibits synthesis of new thyroid hormone in the thyroid glad

inhibits conversion of T4 to T3

Question 8

Hyperthyroid drug that is safe to use in pregnancy

Answer 8

PTU

Question 9

mechanism of action of methimazole

Answer 9

inhibits synthesis of new thyroid hormone in the thyroid glad

Question 10

hyerthyroidism in a patient with recent study using IV contrast Iodine therapy

Answer 10

Jod-Basedow phenomenon

Question 11

Lab findings associated with long term hypothyroidism

Answer 11

Hyperlipidemia
Hyponatremia
Elevated CPK

Question 12

symptoms of hyperparathyroidism

Answer 12

stones: renal stones and nephrocalcinosis
Abdominal groans: constipation, peptic ulcers, N/V, pancreatitis
bones: osteitis fibrosa, osteoporois, osteomalacia, osteoarthritis
psychiatric overtones: depression, fatigue, lethargy, psychosis, AMS
Other: Proximl mm. weakness, itching, HTN, conjunctivitis, keratitis

Question 13

when is surgery recommended in hyperparathyroidism

Answer 13

symptomatic patient
Ca++ >1.0 mg/dl above ULN
creatinine clearance reduced by 30%
BMD T-score: < -2.5 at any site
Age <50

Question 14

What medications should be avoided in hyperparathyridism

Answer 14

Hydrochlorothiazides and Lithium

Question 15

What 2 phosphate binders are used in patient with renal disease

Answer 15

Calcium carbonate and calcium acetate

Question 16

in chronic renal disease what medications are used to suppress PTH secretion

Answer 16

Vitmine D analogue (calcitriol)

Cinacalcet

Question 17

side effect of calcium chloride

Answer 17

cantral venous necrosis

Question 18

drugs that cause dopamine synthesis therefore causing hyperprolactonemia

Answer 18

Phenothiazine (thioridazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine)
resperidone
haloperidol
methyldopa
verapamil

Question 19

Lab abnormality that warrants search for thyroid function test for possible hypothyroidism

Answer 19

Hyperlipidemia
HypOnatremia
Elevated CPK

Question 20

Skin condition associated with glucagonoma

Answer 20

Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME)

• annular, erythematous dermatitis with blistering and erosions within the areas of the eruption.
• location: perioral, penieal, perianal, genital, lower abdomen