Sex Hormones

Question 0

Leuprolide & Goserelin

Answer 0

long-acting GnRH agonists

Question 1

long-acting GnRH agonists (2)

Answer 1

Leuprolide

Goserelin

Question 2

uses for GnRH long-acting agonists (4)

Answer 2

IVF
sex steroid-dependent CAs
endometriosis
precocious puberty

Question 3

Cetrorelix & Ganirelix

Answer 3

GnRH antagonists

Question 4

GnRH antagonist uses

Answer 4

IVF
sex steroid dependent CAs
endometriosis
precocious puberty

Question 5

difference between GnRH long-acting agonists and antagonists (2)

Answer 5

antagonists are faster acting (4-5 days vs. 3 weeks)

agonists have an initial surge w/ tx

Question 6

human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG)

Answer 6

FSH & LH

Question 7

Urofollitropin (uFSH, Bravelle)

Answer 7

purified FSH

Question 8

tamoxifen drug type

Answer 8

anti-estrogen, SERM

Question 9

clomiphene drug type & MOA

Answer 9

SERM

antagonizes negative feedback in hypothalamus

Question 10

Clomiphene use & characteristic

Answer 10

1st line fertility drug

oral

Question 11

fulvestrant drug type

Answer 11

full estrogen receptor antagonist

Question 12

Anastrozole (Arimidex), Letrozole (Femara), Exemastane (Aromasin)
drug type & effects

Answer 12

aromatase inhibitors- stop conversion to estrogen

only affect estrogen, not adrenal steroid synthesis

Question 13

DOC breast CA in post-menopausal women?

Answer 13

Aromatase inhibitors (Anastrozole, Letrozole, Exemastane)

Question 14

DOC breast CA in pre-menopausal women

Answer 14

tamoxifen

Question 15

tamoxifen effects (4)

Answer 15

breast CA treatment
limits bone less
may increase risk of uterine CA
may decrease HDL

Question 16

progestin uses (3)

Answer 16

contraception
prevention of endometrial hyperplasia in HRT
conditions where estrogen is contraindicated

Question 17

19-nortestosterone

drug type & activity

Answer 17

progestin

progestin & androgenic activity

Question 18

Mifepristone, Danazol

drug type

Answer 18

Anti-progestin

Question 19

mifepristone MOA & use

Answer 19

progesterone/glucocorticoid antagonist

terminate pregnancy, prevent implantation

Question 20

danazol MOA & use

Answer 20

weak progestin & androgen
decreases ovarian function
tx endometriosis

Question 21

how do combination OCPs inhibit ovulation

Answer 21

block LH surge

Question 22

bleeding at the end of the cycle in an OCP user is due to?

Answer 22

progestin withdrawal

Question 23

ethinyl estradiol & drospirenone

Answer 23

Yaz

Question 24

contraindications for combination contraceptives (4)

Answer 24

thrombophlebitis
cerebrovascular disorders
estrogen-dependent neoplasms
pregnancy

Question 25

indication for estrogen-only HRT

Answer 25

hx hysterectomy

Question 26

raloxifine uses (3)

Answer 26

prevents osteoporosis
prevents breast cancer
no effect on hot flashes

Question 27

HRT side effects (4)

Answer 27

endometrial cancer
small risk of breast CA
gallbladder disease (common)
CV disease

Question 28

when does HRT have more benefits than risks?

Answer 28

< 10 years post-menopause

Question 29

androgens (2) and their uses (4)

Answer 29

testosterone & methyltestosterone
testicular deficiency
female hypopituitarism
hypoproteinemia of nephrosis
negative nitrogen balance

Question 30

Flutamide drug type & use

Answer 30

Androgen receptor antagonist

prostate cancer along w/ long-acting GnRH agonist

Question 31

Finasteride (Propecia) and Dutasteride (Avodart) drug type, uses, and side effects

Answer 31

5a-reductase inhibitor
tx for BPH, male pattern baldness
side effects: impotence, teratogenic

Question 32

GnRH long-acting agonist MOA

Answer 32

continuous administration suppresses release of LH and FSH (after initial surge)