BD Wood - (Rough & Finish)

Question 1

where do hard and soft woods come from?

Answer 1

Conifer = Soft Woods
Deciduous = Hard Woods

Question 2

when is lumber at its strongest?

Answer 2

When the load is relative to the direction of the wood grain.

Question 3

where is wood the weakest?

Answer 3

when horizontal shear force is induced. which occurs when bending forces are applied to a beam and the fibers tend to slip apart parallel to the grain.

Question 4

what is yard lumber?

Answer 4

its used for structural purposes and rough framing.

Question 5

what are the grades of Lumber?

Answer 5

1 threw 5. 1 is the best quality. Its graded based upon the size and quality of knots.

Question 6

what is board feet?

Answer 6

its measured by 12” wide 12” long and 1” deep. Based on nominal dimensions. its calculated buy width (inches) x Length (inches) x height (inches) / 144

Question 7

what direction does wood most likely shrinks in?

Answer 7

the direction perpendicular to the grain.

Question 8

what are standard thicknesses of ply wood?

Answer 8

1/4”, 3/8”, 1/2”, 5/8”, 3/4”

Question 9

what are the grades of plywood?

Answer 9

A Face and back veneers practically free from all defects.
A/B Face veneers practically free from all defects. Reverse veneers with only a few small knots or discolorations.
A/BB Face as A but reverse side permitting jointed veneers, large knots, plugs, etc.
B Both side veneers with only a few small knots or discolorations.
B/BB Face veneers with only a few small knots or discolorations. Reverse side permitting jointed veneers, large knots, plugs, etc.
BB Both sides permitting jointed veneers, large knots, plugs, etc.
WG Guaranteed well glued only. All broken knots plugged.
X Knots, knotholes, cracks, and all other defects permitted.

Question 10

what is blocking?

Answer 10

its wood framing installed between main structural members such as studs or joists to provide extra rigidity.

Question 11

what is firestoping?

Answer 11

installed in concealed spaces of combustible construction to prevent the spread of fire caused by drafts.

Question 12

what is a SIM (Structural Insulated Panel)

Answer 12

two outer levels of OSB sandwiching EPS foam (expanded Polystyrene)

Question 13

what are advantages of SIPs?

Answer 13

• decreased construction time
• Improved insulation w/ no thermal bridging
• reduced air infiltration
• stringer than conventional studs/

Question 14

what are Glue Lam depths in increments of?

Answer 14

1 1/2” - nominal width is reduced by 7/8” for sizes 6” and below, and 1/4” for sizes 8” and above.

Question 15

how are nails sized?

Answer 15

penny or d

Question 16

what is included in finish carpentry?

Answer 16

exposed wood construction, exterior wood siding, interior trim, door and window framing, stair framing, shelving and cabinetry & paneling

Question 17

what is the WWPA?

Answer 17

Western Wood Products Association. they grade species of hard woods. These are classified as: Finish, Paneling, and commons.
B=Better grade, highest quality
C=select grade, appearance only slightly less than B & better
D= Select? Allows more defects than C select grade but is suitable where finish requirments are less exacting

Question 18

what is Heartwood?

Answer 18

it comes from the center of the tree

Question 19

what is Sapwood?

Answer 19

it comes from the perimeter of the tree

Question 20

what is plain sawing?

Answer 20

the most efficient use of the log and least expensive. It cuts the boards/ panels perpendicular to the heart.

Question 21

what is quarter sawing?

Answer 21

Cut perpendicular to the grain from the center out but in quarter sections. It results in uniform pattern vertical. These boards tend to twist and cup less. Shrink less in width, hold paint better.

Question 22

what is rift sawing?

Answer 22

cuts are radial from the center. its expensive. But the grain is uniform all the way threw.

Question 23

what is the AWI?

Answer 23

Architectural Woodwork Institute. They create the standards for architectural woodwork/ trim. Graded I, II, III based upon the percentage of a board that can be used by cutting out defects,

Question 24

what are the 5 different ways to cut veneers?

Answer 24

1) Rotary
2) Plain slicing (perpendicular)
3) quarter slicing, parallel but centered from the heart
4) Half round, similar to rotary but the log is cut in half & veneer is cut slighly across the annular growth rings.
5) rift-cut: is accomplished by quartering a log & cutting at about 15deg angle to the growth rings. Like quarter slicing, it result in a straight-grain pattern.

Question 25

study joints

Answer 25

page 40-6

Question 26

in cabinetry what is a scribe piece?

Answer 26

its an oversized piece of plastic laminate or wood that can be trimmed in the field to follow minor iregularities.

Question 27

study the panel matching veneer types

Answer 27

on page 40-9.
Book matching: the grain is a mirror from one piece to another
Random widths
Balance Match: Takes pieces of equal width and look and creates a more uniform pattern
Slip Matching: Nearly identical perpendicularw cut veneer.

Question 28

what is a piece of plinth block molding?

Answer 28

its the rectangular piece at the bottom of a door casing and where the base board meets.

Question 29

What are the parts of a panelized wood door or wall paneling called?

Answer 29

Stile: the verticle framing member
Rail: the horizontal framing member
Rim: the bevel portion of the panel

Question 30

what is standing trim in woodwork?

Answer 30

its when woodwork of a fixed length, intended to be installed as a single piece of wood. eg door frame trim, door stops, window casing.

Question 31

what is running trim in woodwork?

Answer 31

it is woodwork of continuing length that must be installed in several pieces fitted end to end, eg baseboard, cornicesm chair rails and soffits.

Question 32

what is the optimal moisture content for architectural wood work?

Answer 32

5% to 10%^

Question 33

what the optimum relative humidity necessary to maintain the optimal moisture content in wood work?

Answer 33

25% to 55%

Question 34

what are the 3 types of flame spread ratings according to the IBC?

Answer 34

A: 0-25
B:26-75
C:76-200

Question 35

what is lacquer?

Answer 35

a coating w/ high nitrocellulose content with resins & plasticizers dissolved in a volatile solvent. They contain an extra ingredient that speed up drying time and gives the finish additional hardness. Lacquers are easy to apply and can be repaired easily. They do not provide chemical and wear resistance.

Question 36

What is a varnish?

Answer 36

contain resins dissolved in one of several types of volatile liquids, and urea formaldehyde resins. Conversion varnish has many of the same advantages as a lacquer but can be applied at a cheeper cost

Question 37

what is polyurethane?

Answer 37

a synthetic finish that gives a hard and durable finish. difficult to repair or refinish these finishes are superior to water resistance. More expensive than the organic sealants.

Question 38

what are polyester finishes?

Answer 38

another type of synthetic finish that gives the hardest mst durable finish possible. Opaque polys can be colored . Like Polyurethane they can be hard to repair and refinish. but can be hard like glass. More expensive than the organic sealants.

Question 39

what is a catalyzed vinyl finish?

Answer 39

a surface that’s most chemical resistance of the standard finishes. Its resistant to scratches and abrasions.

Question 40

with wood preservation Creosote?

Answer 40

Creosote is a distillate of coal tar and is protection against insects. Its insoluble in water, used in industrial settings

Question 41

with wood preservation what is Oil borne including pentachlorophenol

Answer 41

This preservative is used to treat utility poles and cross arms, water pilings and bridge timbers

Question 42

what is Ammoniacal copper quaternary?

Answer 42

its clean and odorless and leaves the wood paintable. They protect against termites and decay. SHould use a stainless steel or galvanized fasteners with this treated wood. No aluminum in contact with treated wood.