3.4

Question 1

Phenotype

Answer 1

Characteristics or traits of an organism

Ex 5 fingers

Question 2

Dominant allele

Answer 2

An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is paired with the same allele or a different one, always expressed in the phenotype
(Ex Aa gives A)

Question 3

Recessive allele

Answer 3

An allele that has an effect on the phenotype only when present in the homozygous state (aa)

Question 4

Genotype

Answer 4

Symbolic representation of the pair of alleles possessed by an organism, typically represented by 2 letters

Question 5

Co dominant alleles

Answer 5

Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in a heterozygote ( ex: parents with curly and straight can have children with different degrees of curliness because both alleles influence hair when boh present in genotype)

Question 6

Locus

Answer 6

Particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene. Each gene is found at a specific place on a specific pair of chromosomes

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

Having 2 identical alleles of a gene

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

Having 2 different alleles of a gene

Question 9

Carrier

Answer 9

An individual who has a recessive allele of a gene that does not have an effect in the phenotype (ex Aa carries gene for albinism but has pigmented skin means ancestor has it and some offspring might)