3.4 Flashcards
Phenotype
Characteristics or traits of an organism
Ex 5 fingers
Dominant allele
An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is paired with the same allele or a different one, always expressed in the phenotype
(Ex Aa gives A)
Recessive allele
An allele that has an effect on the phenotype only when present in the homozygous state (aa)
Genotype
Symbolic representation of the pair of alleles possessed by an organism, typically represented by 2 letters
Co dominant alleles
Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in a heterozygote ( ex: parents with curly and straight can have children with different degrees of curliness because both alleles influence hair when boh present in genotype)
Locus
Particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene. Each gene is found at a specific place on a specific pair of chromosomes
Homozygous
Having 2 identical alleles of a gene
Heterozygous
Having 2 different alleles of a gene
Carrier
An individual who has a recessive allele of a gene that does not have an effect in the phenotype (ex Aa carries gene for albinism but has pigmented skin means ancestor has it and some offspring might)