3.4 Key Terms Flashcards
Aldosterone
A mineralcortocoid produced by the adrenal cortex that promotes sodium and water reabsorption by the kidneys and potassium excretion in urine
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Hormone produced by the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus that stimulates water reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the blood and vasoconstriction of arterioles
Excretion
Disposal of nitrogen-containing waste products of metabolism
Filtration
In the vertebrate kidney, the extraction of water and small solutes, including metabolic wastes, from blood by the nephrons
Glomerular filtration
First step in urine formation in which substances in blood pass though the filtration membrane and filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron
Glomerulus
A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowmans capsule in the nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney
Kidney
One of a pair of vertebrate organs suited in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism
Nephron
Tubular excretory unit of the vertebrate kidney
Ureter
A duct leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder
Urethra
A tube that releases urine from the body near the vagina in female or though the penis in makes; also serves in males as the exit tube for the reproductive system
Urinalysis
Chemical analysis of urine
Urinary bladder
Pouch where urine is stored prior to elimination
Urinary system
Organs of the urinary tract comprising the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Urine
Waste material that is secreted by the kidney, is rich in end products of protein metabolism together with salts and pigments, and forms a clear Amber and usually slightly acid fluid
Adrenal glands
Hormone-producing glands located superior to the kidneys; each consists of a medulla and a cortex
