Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CARD 1101 > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Components of Cardiovasc Exam

A

General inspection, take pulse and BP, assess JVP, palpation, ausculation, and check vital signs (ECG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A

BMI= kg X m^2; normal is btw 18.5-24.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Marfans

A

aortic dissection or regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Atrial/ventricular septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tuner’s Syndrome

A

coarctation of aorta (narrowing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus

A

large fall in pulse volume on inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bounding Pulse

A

large volume; caused by anemia, respiratory failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pulsus Alternans

A

alternating large and small volume pulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP)

A

Identifies right heart failure and pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Large A Wave (JVP abnormality)

A

caused by tricuspid stenosis, pulmonary stenosis and pulmonary hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cannon Wave (JVP abnormality)

A

caused by atrial fibrillation, complete heart block, VVI pacing, ventricular tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

STEEP X,Y, Descent (JVP abnorm)

A

caused by constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Large V Wave, CV wave (JVP abnorm)

A

from tricuspid regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Kussmaul’s Sign (JVP abnorm)

A

increased JVP on inspiration, constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Palpation

A

determines edema; apply hands to exterior surface to detect evidence of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Heaving

A

high afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thrusting

A

high preload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ausculation

A

listening with stethescope to heart sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

First Heart sounds (S1)

A

located in the Apex, high pitched; is the normal closure of the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Second Heart Sound (S2)

A

located in the base; high pitched; is the normal closure of the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves; on inspiration have early aortic sound (A2) and delayed pulmonic (P2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Third Heart Sound (S3)

A

located in apex, low pitched; normal in children and young adults otherwise inidicates heart failure or volume overload (ventricular gallop)

22
Q

Fourth Heart Sound (S4)

A

located in apex, low pitched; caused by reduced ventricular compliance

23
Q

Ejection Click

A

irregular heart sound; extra early systolic heart sound (after S1); from pulmonary/aortic stenosis or dilation

24
Q

Opening Snap

A

irregular heart sound; extra diastolic heart sound after A2’ from the calcification of heart valve opening; from mitral/tricuspid stenosis

25
Q

Mid-Late Systolic Click

A

irregular heart sound; extra mid-late systolic sound; from AV leaflets bowing into atrium during ventricular systole

26
Q

Summation Gallop

A

irregular heart sound; mid-systolic merging of S3 and S4, and S1 and S2; many factors involved

27
Q

Pericardial Knock

A

irregular heart sound; early diastole soon after S2; Abrupt cessation of ventricular filling in early diastole

28
Q

Vesicular Breathing Sound

A

low pitch; heard over most of lung field; soft and short expiration

29
Q

Bronchial/Tracheal Breathing sound

A

heard over trachea, high pitched loud and long expiration

30
Q

Bronchovesicular breathing sound

A

heard over main bronchus area and upper Right lung field medium pitched; expiration is equal to inspiration

31
Q

Consolidation

A

abnormal breathing sound; normally aerated tissues are filled with fluid, mucus or pus; only brachial sounds are heard

32
Q

Crackles/Rales

A

abnormal breathing sound; discontinued sounds at end of inspiration; airways pop open late in inspiration due to fluid build up

33
Q

Rhonchi

A

abnormal breathing sound; on expiration a deep rumble; air passing through obstruction

34
Q

Wheezes

A

abnormal breathing sound; musical whistling through respiratory cycle; air passing through narrowed passageway

35
Q

Stridor

A

abnormal breathing sound; crowning sound heard after exhaling; from inflammation and edema of larynx/trachea

36
Q

Pleural Friction Rubs

A

abnormal breathing sound; from pleurae inflammation, causing membrane to rub

37
Q

Dyspnea

A

shortness of breath not proportionate to level of exertion

38
Q

Chest discomfort

A

pain, pressure tightness

39
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

chest pain

40
Q

Stable Angina

A

patterned transient angina pectoris with exericise

41
Q

Variant Angina

A

occurs at rest; from coronary artery spasm

42
Q

Unstable Angina

A

unpredictable pattern with increased frequency and duration; occurs with decreased exercise

43
Q

Silent Ischemia

A

episodes of myocardial ischemia absent of symptoms

44
Q

Palpitations

A

awareness of pulsations, fluttering, rapid heart beating

45
Q

Syncope

A

transient loss of consciousness from inadequate blood flow to brain (assoc with ANS)

46
Q

Peripheral Edema

A

large amounts of tissue fluid accumulation; increases JVP

47
Q

Cyanosis

A

peripheral; blue-colour on toes/fingers due to decrease blood flow
central: entire body; abnormal saturation of venous blood

48
Q

Clubbing

A

thickening of fingers/toes

49
Q

Heart Murmur

A

vibrations caused by turbulent blood flow; from obstruction, abnormal shunting of blood and increased flow through structures

50
Q

Continous Murmur

A

start at systole and continue through diastole; venous hum and patent ductus arteriosis

CARD 1101 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions