Skin DSA

Question 1

skin fnxs

Answer 1

barrier
tactile interaction
body temp regulation
sexual attractiveness
immune system

Question 2

skin immune fnx

Answer 2

cytokines and defensin production

Ag presentation via langerhans cells and dermal dendrocytes

Question 3

layers of skin

Answer 3

epidermis
dermis (papillary and reticular)
subQ

Question 4

adnexae

Answer 4

3 major structural units and specialized nn structures:

• pilar units
• eccrine units
• apocrine units

Question 5

pilar units

Answer 5

hair units

pilosebaceous units and errector pili mm

Question 6

eccrine units

Answer 6

eecrine glands and ducts

Question 7

apocrine units

Answer 7

apocrine glands and ducts

Question 8

layers of epi

Answer 8

stratum corneum
stratum lucindum
statum granulosum 
stratum spinosum
stratum basalis

Question 9

stratum corneum

Answer 9

corneocytes (final step in differentiation of keratinocytes differentiation)
thickest in palms and soles

Question 10

stratum lucindum

Answer 10

only in palms and soles

Question 11

stratum granulosum

Answer 11

keratinocytes lose their nuclei and cytoplasm appearing granular

Question 12

stratum spinosum

Answer 12

keratinocytes become connected via desmosomes and produce lamellar bodies
langerhan cells are in this layer

Question 13

basal/germinal layer

Answer 13

proliferating and non-proliferating keratinocytes attached to BM by hemidesmosomes
merkel cells here

Question 14

apocrine glands

Answer 14

present deep in dermis

often at jnx of reticular dermis and subQ

Question 15

melanocytes

Answer 15

each melanocyte will supplly about 30 keratinocytes with melanosomes

Question 16

papillary dermis

Answer 16

finely woven type I collagen
some type III collagen and network of elastic fiber
healing by secondary intention
capillaries of superficial plexus

Question 17

Basement membrane

Answer 17

defines invasion of carcinoma

contains proteins of blistering immune diseases

Question 18

blistering immune diseases

Answer 18

bullous pemphigoid
dermatitis herpetiformis
epidermolysis bullosa

Question 19

inflammatory conditions of BM

Answer 19

discoid lupus erythmatosus

Question 20

lammellar/lamellated/pacinian corpuscle

Answer 20

encapsulated nn ending
pressure receptor
found in deep dermis or hypodermis

Question 21

meissner/tactile corpuscles/papillae

Answer 21

touch receptor
confined to dermal papillae
most numerous in hand and feet

Question 22

general skin nn supply

Answer 22

free nn endings detect pain and temp

innervation by sympathetic nervous system controls blood flow and hair movement

Question 23

SubQ/hypodermis

Answer 23

loose and dense CT
adipocytes in lobules
large number of blood vessels (deep vascular plexus)
connects reticular dermis with fascia of underlying tissue

Question 24

deep vascular plexus

Answer 24

sends perpendicular small aa to traverse the reticular dermis and supply blood to superficial vascular plexus in dermal papillae

Question 25

subQ fnxs

Answer 25

body temp regulation
primary depot for fat storage
major skin layer where aging becomes apparent dt loss of adipose tissue

Question 26

intrinsic aging changes

Answer 26

aberrant basal layer proliferation (increased risk of CA)
decrease in melanocytes: UV damage
decrease in langerhans cells
thinning: decrease in ground substance cells and adnexae, stiffer collagen and elastic fibers

Question 27

decrease hair shaft diameter

Answer 27

by age 70 loose 25-50% of cross sectional diameter present in young people

Question 28

solar elastosis

Answer 28

actininc degeneration of reticular dermis collagen

telangiectastias

Question 29

sunburn

Answer 29

acute injury caused by mid-UV radiation
changes in dermis: increased blood flow, superficial vessels show endothelial swelling, perivenular edema, mixed perivascular inflammatory infiltrate