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chemistry > 3.4.1 - acids, bases and alkalis > Flashcards

3.4.1 - acids, bases and alkalis Flashcards

1
Q

what is an acid

A

an H+ donor

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2
Q

what is a base

A

an H+ acceptor

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3
Q

what is an alkali

A

an OH- donor

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4
Q

what happens when acids dissolve?

A

acids dissolve then donate (release) H+ ions into the water

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5
Q

what happens when alkalis dissolve?

A

alkalis dissolve then donate (release) OH- ions into the water

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6
Q

what happens when bases dissolve?

A

bases dissolve then accept (take) H+ ions from the H2O molecules
but when an H2O molecule loses an H+ ions what’s leftover is an OH- ions

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7
Q

hydrochloric acid formula

A

HCl

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8
Q

nitric acid formula

A

HNO3

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9
Q

sulphuric acid formula

A

H2SO4

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10
Q

phosphoric acid formula

A

H3PO4

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11
Q

carbonic acid formula

A

H2CO3

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12
Q

sodium hydroxide formula

A

NaOH

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13
Q

potassium hydroxide formula

A

KOH

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14
Q

ammonium hydroxide formula

A

NH4OH

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15
Q

ammonia formula

A

NH3

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16
Q

what is a polyatomic ion

A

an ion that contains more than one atom

17
Q

nirtic acid - HNO3

what is the formula and name of the polyatomic ion released by nitric acid?

A

NO-3

nitrate

18
Q

sulphuric acid - H2SO4

what is the formula and name of the polyatomic ion released by sulphuric acid?

A

SO2-4

sulphate

19
Q

phosphoric acid - H3PO4

what is the formula and name of the polyatomic ion released by phosphoric acid?

A

PO4 3-
phosphate

20
Q

carbonic acid - H2CO3

what is the formula and name of the polyatomic ion released by carbonic acid?

A

CO2-3
carbonate

21
Q

NH4OH

what is the formula and name of the polyatomic ion released by ammonium hydroxide?

A

NH4+

22
Q

what do you have to use when multiplying polyatomic ions?

A

brackets

23
Q

what would the formula be for:
Mg2+ NO3-

A

Mg(NO3)2

chemistry (38 decks)

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