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Microanatomy Unit 7 > Exocrine Glands > Flashcards

Exocrine Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Three major mechanisms of secretion

A 
holocrine = lysis
apocrine = shedding
merocrine = exocytosis
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2
Q

merocrine secretion in a sweat gland

A

eccrine

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3
Q

glands with holocrine secretion

A

sebaceous glands of skin

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4
Q

glands with apocrine secretion

A

mammary

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5
Q

glands with merocrine secretion

A

salivary, exocrine pancreas

and sweat

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6
Q

simple gland

A

single, unbranched duct

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7
Q

compound gland

A

branched ducts

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8
Q

composition on sebum

A

triglycerides, cholesterol, squalene, wax esters

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9
Q

cell types found in sweat glands

A
  • pale (clear)
  • dark
  • myoepithelial
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10
Q

Function of myoepithelial cells

A

actinomyosin-rich processes contract to expel secretory product

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11
Q

where are myoepithelial cells found

A

basal lamina

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12
Q

three types of acini found in salivary glands

A

serous, mucous, myoepithelial

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13
Q

mucous cells in salivary glands secrete

A

mucin

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14
Q

serous cells in salivary glands secrete

A

IgA and bicarbonate

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15
Q

serous cells in salivary glands absorb

A

Cl-

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16
Q

part of submandibular gland with mixed acini (mucous and serous)

A

serous demilune

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17
Q

are serous demilunes found in living tissue

A

no - artifacts of fixation

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18
Q

differences between pancreas and parotid glands in histology

A
  • parotid gland has lots of adipose tissue
  • pancreatic intralobular ducts are NOT striated
  • pancreas has islets of lagerhans
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19
Q

function of basal striations

A

house mitochondria

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20
Q

in what part of glands are basal striations found (if present)

A

intralobular ducts

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21
Q

which pancreatic cells produce bicarbonate

A

intralobular duct cells

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22
Q

examples of simple glands

A

sweat, sebaceous

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23
Q

examples of compound glands

A

salivary, exocrine pancreas

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24
Q

stain with H&E, secrete proteins, abundant basal RER and golgi, apical secretory granules, part of glandular epithelium in merocrine glands

A

serous cells

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25
Q

secrete mucin, stained with PAS stain, abundant basal RER and golgi, mucin-filled apical secretory granules, part of glandular epithelium of merocrine glands

A

mucous cells

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26
Q

What are mucins stained with

A

periodic acid-schiff (PAS) stain

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27
Q

glycoproteins rich in complex carbs

A

mucin

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28
Q

located in basal lamina of glandular epithelium of merocrine glands, have long actinomyosin-rich processes, contract to expel secretory product

A

myoepithelial cells

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29
Q

myoepithelial cells are present in

A

sweat, salivary, mammary glands

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30
Q

what seal off the apical surface from the basal surface of glandular epithelium

A

tight junctions

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31
Q

goblet cells line

A
  • small intestine

- resp epi of trachea

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32
Q

sebacous glands, eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands

A

multicellular simple glands

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33
Q

salivary glands, exocrine pancreas

A

multicellular compound glands

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34
Q

associated with hair follicles, origin of acne

A

sebaceous glands

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35
Q

pale (clear) cells produce

A

watery component of sweat

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36
Q

produce glycoproteins, proteins, bactericidal peptides

A

dark cells

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37
Q

what fibers stimulate eccrine sweat secretion

A

cholinergic fibers of sympathetic nervous system

38
Q

eccrine (or/and) apocrine sweat glands are simple coiled tubule glands

A

and

39
Q

associated with hair shafts

A

apocrine sweat glands

40
Q

apocrine and eccrine sweat glands have ___ secretion

A

merocrine

41
Q

what cells produce phermones

A

apocrine sweat glands

42
Q

apocrine sweat glands are stimulated by what fibers

A

adrenergic fibers of sympathetic nervous system

43
Q

lysozyme, lactoferrin, sIgA

A

present in saliva for immune defense

44
Q

calcium and phosphate in saliva

A

help form pellicle

45
Q

septa in salivary glands

A

extensions of capsule; divide parenchyma into lobules

46
Q

components of connective tissue in salivary glands

A
  • capillary plexus
  • nerves (parasym=stim, sym=inhib)
  • lymphocytes, plasma cells
47
Q

unit of salivary glands containing acini, intercalated ducts, and interlobular excretory ducts

A

salivon

48
Q

acini drain into

A

intercalated ducts

49
Q

intercalated ducts drain into

A

intralobular ducts

50
Q

intralobular ducts drain into

A

interlobular ducts (in septa)

51
Q

interlobular ducts are located in

A

septa

52
Q

serous cells of salivary glands secrete/absorb

A
  • secrete sIgA, bicarbonate

- absorb chloride

53
Q

do intercalated ducts have secretory granules

A

no

54
Q

what cells line intercalated ducts

A

simple cuboidal

55
Q

what cells line intralobular ducts

A

simple columnar

56
Q

ducts where basal striations are found

A

intercalated ducts (submandibular gland - some, parotid, salivary)

57
Q

glands where intercalated ducts ARE striated

A

submandidular (some), parotid, sailvary

58
Q

glands were intercalated ducts ARE NOT striated

A

sublingual, exocrine pancreas

59
Q

basal striations

A

basal membrane infoldings, house mito

60
Q

what cells line interlobular ducts

A

stratified cuboidal-to-columnar

61
Q

(plasma/serous) cells secrete dimeric IgA

A

plasma

62
Q

(plasma/serous cells) secrete IgA receptor

A

serous (and intralobular ducts)

63
Q

IgA mediates

A

transcytosis of IgA

64
Q

submandibular gland

A

compound tubuloacinar

65
Q

what kinds of acini are present in the submandibular gland

A

serous, mucous, mixed (artifacts)

66
Q

serous cells of submandibular gland secrete

A

lysozyme

67
Q

parotid gland

A

compound acinar

68
Q

what kind of acini does the parotid gland have

A

serous

69
Q

what does the parotid gland secrete

A

a-amylase

70
Q

diagnostic feature of parotid gland

A

adipose tissue

71
Q

sublingual gland

A

compound tubuloacinar

72
Q

what kind of acini does the sublingual gland have

A

mostly mucous, some mixed

73
Q

where are serous demilunes found

A

submandibular gland, some in sublingual gland

74
Q

exocrine pancreas

A

compound acinar (like parotid)

75
Q

what do septa of exocrine pancreas contain

A

blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, ducts

76
Q

what does exocrine pancreas secrete?

A

digestive proenzymes

bicarbonate

77
Q

proteases, lipases, nucleases, amylolytic enzymes

A

proenzymes secreted by pancreas

78
Q

pancreatic enzymes work best at _____ pH, created by _____

A
  • neutral

- bicarbonate

79
Q

T/F pancrease produces protease inhibitors as well as proteases

A

True

80
Q

enterokinase cleavage happens in the

A

duodenum

81
Q

intercalated, intralobular, and interlobular ducts of exocrine pancreas secrete

A

bicarbonate

82
Q

what hormone stimulates bicarbonate release

A

secretin

83
Q

secretin

A
  • stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate release
  • produced in enteroendocrine cells in duodenum
  • stimulated by CCK
84
Q

what kind of acini does exocrine pancreas have

A

serous

85
Q

CCK

A
  • stimulates secretin

- produced by enteroendocrine cells in duodenum

86
Q

abundant RER and golgi, apical zygomatic granules, lack myoepithelial cells

A

serous acini of exocrine pancreas

87
Q

what ducts in exocrine pancreas produce bicarbonate

A

intercalated ducts

88
Q

Islets of Langerhans

A
  • endocrine pancreas

- diagnostic of pancreas

89
Q

malignant tumors of glandular epithelia - most common tumors in adults

A

adenocarcinomas

90
Q

salivary function can be impaired by

A

radiation, disease

Microanatomy Unit 7 (4 decks)

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