Cholinergic drugs Flashcards
Bethanechol
Direct Ach agonist, used for postoperative ileus, neurogenic ileus, and urinary retention.
Carbachol
Direct ACh agonist, used in glaucoma, because causes pupillary constriction
Pilocarpine
Direct ACh agonist, used in glaucoma, stimulates sweat, tears, saliva production. Resistant to AChE
Methacholine
Used in asthma as a challenge. Stimulates muscarinic receptors in airway
Neostigmine
Anticholinesterase, used in MG, no CNS penetration, also used to move bowels and stop neuromuscular blockade after surgery.
Pyridostigmine
Anticholinesterase, does not penetrate the CNS, used to treat MG
Physostigmine
Does penetrate the CNS, fixes atropine overdose
Dopepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
Anticholinesterase, used in AD to improve cognition
Edrophonium
Used diagnostically for MG, not sued anymore.
AChE inhibitor side effects
Exacerbation of COPD, asthma, and peptic ulcers
Symptoms of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
Organophosphates irreversibly inhibit AChE. Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, lacrimation, salivation, sweating.
Atropine/homatropine/tropicamide
Used to treat bradycardia and other opthalmologic disease. Side effects include pupil dilation, cycloplegia, decrease GI secretions and gut motility, decrease airway secretion, decrease urgency in cystitis.
Atropine overdose signs
Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter.
No sweating, dry mouth, fast pulse, dry flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, urinary retention.
Benztropine
Used for PD
Scopolamine
M antagonist used in motion sickness.
