3.4.4 Genetic Diversity And Adaptation

Question 1

What is genetic diversity

Answer 1

Number of different alleles of genes in a pop

Question 2

What is a population

Answer 2

Group of organisms same
Species in a particular space and time to produce fertile offspring

Question 3

Importance of genetic diversity

Answer 3

Enables natural selection
New allele might be more beneficial
As a new proteins might positively change its properties

Question 4

What is evolution

Answer 4

Change in allele frequency over many generations in a pop that occur though natural selection

Question 5

Principles of evolution
(MARIA)

Answer 5

Mutation-new alleles
Advantage -might benefit its possessor, selective advantage
Reproduction-more likely to survive and more reproduction success
Inheritance-inherited to offspring
Allele freq - allele freq is increased over generation

Question 6

3 types of adaptations

Answer 6

Anatomical - structural/physical
Physiological- chemical reactions
Behavioural-in way which organisms act

All increase chance of survival

Question 7

Types of selection

Answer 7

Directional selection(example)
-antibiotic resistance in bacteria
-organisms with an extreme variation of a treat (bacteria with a high level of resistance)
- change in environment
-increased freq or organisms with the extreme trait, distribution curve shifts towards the extreme trait

Stabilising selection(example):
-human birthweight
-organisms with and average trait (babies with average weight)
-environment is stable
-increased freq of average trait
-distribution curve get narrower around the mean