Atelectasis

Question 1

Definition of atelectasis

Answer 1

• collapse of the lung
• inadequate expansion
• loss of lung volume
• respiratory insufficiency & risk of infection

Question 2

Causes & types of atelectasis

Answer 2

1. Resorption Atelectasis
   - airway obstruction - obstructive lung disease, aspiration, neoplasms
2. Compression Atelectasis
   - accumulation of air (pneumothorax) or fluid (effusion) inpleural space with compression of lung
   - post operative poor lung expansion
3. Contraction Atelectasis
   - scarring of lung/pleura (fibrosis)
   - loss of normal surfactant (compliance)
   - prevents full expansion

Question 3

Effects of atelectasis (2)

Answer 3

1. Hypoxia

2. Risk of infection - pooling secretions