Chapter 1- DNA Flashcards
What is DNA?
A compound
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
What does DNA Do?
Controls all chemical changes in all cells of organisms.
How many chromosomes do we have?
In our body cells we have 46, or 23 pairs.
In our sex cells, or gametes we have 23.
What is a Nucleotide?
The building blocks of DNA made up of a group phosphate, bonded with a deoxyribose sugar to a nitrogen base.
Name the 4 bases
Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine and Adenine
How do the bases pair up?
C&G
A&T
What is a Purine?
A double ringed base, Guanine and Adenine joined by 3 bonds.
What is a Pyrimidine?
A single ring base. C&T
Joined by 2 bonds
How are the bases joined?
By 2 or 3 Hydrogen Bonds.
What are genes?
A part of the chromosome that contains the information for a particular trait or protein.
Where are chromosomes?
In the nucleus of the cells.
In DNA replication, what is a parent strand?
A parent strand is a strand of DNA that breaks of at the origin of replication and duplicates itself.
What are replication forks?
They are the point where DNA begins to replicate itself, when unzipped.
Why can DNA replication occur?
Because of complimentary base pairing.
