Chapter 1- Replication Flashcards
Why does a cell replicate its DNA?
So it’s daughter cell will have the same number of chromosomes and DNA as its parent.
After Replication, what do each chromosome look like?
It is made up of 2 chromatids giving it a butterfly appearance. Each chromatid is made up of a double helix of DNA.
What is haploid number?
The number of chromosomes in gametes. 23, or N
What is diploid number?
Number of chromosomes in body cells, or 46, or 2N.
What is an autosome?
All the chromosomes in a cell other than sex chromosomes.
What is a centromere?
The point on a chromosome where the two chromatids are joined together.
What is a chromatid?
One of the strands of the chromosome following replication.
Homologous Chromosomes
Chromosomes with genes for particular characteristics at the same location.
What is Meiosis?
The type of cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
Define Mitosis
The cell division that produces two daughter cells.
What are sex chromosomes?
Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. In humans they are the X & Y chromosomes.
What is Asexual Reproduction?
When an offspring is produced by mitosis with no pairing of gametes. Eg: grass
What is the relationship genetically between asexual reproduction parents and offspring?
They are genetically identical
Why use sexual reproduction?
To create variation in a population.
True or False.
All gametes in your body are different from each other.
TRUE
