Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PCM IV > the limping child > Flashcards

the limping child Flashcards

1
Q

stance phase

A

weight bearing

heel strike-> plantar flex -> toe-off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

swing phase

A

toe-off -> heel strike

rotation and tilting of pelvis and stability of lumbar spine and abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

antalgic gait

A

usually from pain, less time in stance phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

trendelenburg gait

A

stance phase body sway away from weak hip abductor and swing phase droop of the weak side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

waddling gait

A

seen in b/l hip involvement or neurological dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

stiff-legged gati

A

knee extension and circumduction w/pelvic elevation on affected side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

toe-walking

A

habitual or due to mm contractures, spasticity or puncture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

steppage

A

difficulties w/dorsiflexion of foot

assocaited with peroneal neuropathies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

stooped

A

might indicate abdominal pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

generalized mm weakness

A

from muscular dystrophy or metabolic cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

0-4 developmental Ddx

A

hip dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

0-4 trauma Ddx

A 
toddlers fracture
physeal fracture 
puncture wound
sprain
contusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

0-4 infectious ddx

A

osteomyelitis
septic arthritis
transient/toxic synovitis
discitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4-10 trauma ddx

A

physeal fracture
puncture wound
sprain
contusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

4-10 infectious ddx

A

transient/toxic synovitis
septic arthritis
osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

4-10 other ddx

A

legg-calve-perthes disease
leukemia
JIA

17
Q

10-18 trauma ddx

A 
slipped capital
femoral epiphysis
fractrue
sprain
contusion
18
Q

10-18 infectious ddx

A

osteomyelitis
septic arthritis
lyme disease
gonoccal arthritis

19
Q

10-18 other ddx

A

stress fractures

20
Q

developmental hip dysplasia

A 
0-4
abnormal formation of hip joint
unknown cause
5-9x more common in female 
can often see other ortho problems
21
Q

risk factors for hip dysplasia

A

female
breech
nulliparous
oligohydraminos

22
Q

barlow

A

press down to dislocate hip

23
Q

ortolani

A

press up to relocate hip

24
Q

toddlers fracture

A

spiral fracture of tibia <5yrs old
often difficult to see on x-ray
sx: pain, refusal to walk, minor swelling/warmth, pain with palpation
Tx: cast

25
Q

physeal gracute

A 
girls 0-16, boys 0-18
weakest are of growing bone
15% of all childhood fractures
B>G
salter harris fracture
26
Q

stress fracture

A 
small crack in bone
often from overuse/high impact sports
weight bearing bones
2nd/3rd meta most common
10-18
27
Q

Sx and Tx of stress fracture

A

pain that increases with weight bearing, tender to touch

Tx- rest

28
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone marrow and adjacent bone
all ages
children via hematogenous spread
usually in metaphysis of long bones

29
Q

Sx and Tx of osteomyelitis

A 
local inflammation
fever
bone tenderness 
decreased ROM
Tx IV abx for 4-6wks
30
Q

most common inciting agent in osteomyelitis

A

S. aureus

31
Q

septic arthritis

A

infection w/the joint space
all ages
bacterial, viral, fungal, parasite
intense synovitis is result of inflammatory response

32
Q

Sx and Tx of septic arthritis

A

monoarticualr erythema, swelling, pain, decreased ROM
knee most common
Tx IV/PO abx

33
Q

transient/toxic synovitis

A 
aka irritable hip syndrome
acute hip pain, decreased ROM
hip in flexion/abduction and ext rotation
age 0-10 yrs
Dx of exclusion 
unknown cause
self limited, NSAIDS
34
Q

legg-calve-perthes disease (LPC)

A

aka idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head
4-10
B>G
typically thin, active boys

35
Q

Sx and Tx of LPC

A

slight limp, pain in knee, thigh, or groin
limited ROM
leg length discrepancy
meds/reduce activity, immobilization not good anymore

36
Q

slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

A

noninflammatory condition, femoral head displaced from femoral neck
can begin as u/l but most become b/l
typically overweight boys
assocaited with endocrine disorders (primary hypothryoid and HGH deficiency)

37
Q

Sx and Tx of SCFE

A

insidious, complaint of pain in hip and limp

Tx surgical stabilization- pin

38
Q

JIA

A

chronic pain for min of 6wks
<16
joint effusion, pain, limited ROM, warmth, worse in am
unknown cause

39
Q

growing pains

A

intermittent nonarticular pains in childhood
dx of exclusion
Sx: typically pain at night and limited to calf, thigh, or shin
pain is short live resolved with heat, massage, or mild pain killers
pain free during day
unknown cause

PCM IV (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions