Christianity Midterm pt 2 Flashcards
(31 cards)
1
Q
Font/Baptistry
A
- “Font” = name for fountain, where the water is standing
- Baptistery: Building made for baptism
2
Q
Gospel
A
- Teaching or revelation of Christ
- Records of Jesus’ life and teachings in the first books of the New Testament
- Matthew, Mark, Luke and John
3
Q
Homoiousios
A
- Jesus and God the Father were of similar substance, but not the same
4
Q
Homoousios
A
- God the Son and God the Father are of the same substance
5
Q
Incarnation
A
-Belief that the second person of the Trinity, God the Son, became flesh by being conceived in the womb of Mary
6
Q
Indulgences
A
- Indulgences are ways to remove the temporal punishment due to venial sins who’s guilt has already been forgiven
7
Q
Jesus
A
- Prophet of the 1st century of our era
- To Christians, Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who was both God and Man
- Messiah, sent by God to save human race from the sin it inherited through the Fall of man
8
Q
John Calvin- France Reformation
A
- Doctrine of predestination: God has already chosen those who will be saved
- Those “elected” cannot lose their elections
- Good works are proof of God’s selection
- Supremacy of God’s grace in salvation
- No-one deserves to be saved
- Faith in Christ only happens once God allows it
- Images of God/Christ lead to idolatry
9
Q
Lectionary
A
- A list or book of portions of the Bible appointed to be read at a church service
10
Q
Lent
A
- Begins on Ash Wednesday and covers a period of about six weeks (40 days) before Easter Sunday
- Preparation of the believer for Christ’s resurrection through fasting
- Commemorates the 40 days that Jesus spent in the desert fasting where he endured temptation by the Devil
11
Q
Liberation Theology
A
- Twentieth century Christian theological and social movement originating in Latin America that stressed commitment to social justice for the poor and oppressed
- Knowledge of God leads to rejection of political structures of oppression
- God has a preferential option for the poor
- Democratization of worship, study
12
Q
Lord’s Supper
A
- Eat in remembrance of the Last Supper before Jesus died on the Cross
- Commemorates the death of Jesus
- Body and blood = bread and wine
- Represents the mutual communion of believers with each other
13
Q
Marguerite d’ Youville
A
- Founded the Order of Sisters of Charity of Montreal
14
Q
Martin Luther (Reformation Germany)
A
- Critical of practice of indulgences
- Argued that the pope has no control over purgatory
- Veneration of saints had no biblical basis, critical of Mary
- Wrote “95 Theses”
- Word of God accessible to all, no need for clerical hierarchy
- State should oversee sacraments, Word
15
Q
Martyr
A
- A person killed because of their religious or other beliefs
- Rejecting sacrifice + isolation from the cultural practices of the ancient Mediterranean
- Powerful connection with Jesus
16
Q
Mary Magdelene
A
- In New Testament Jesus cured her of Evil spirits
- Identified with the repentant prostitute who washed Jesus’ feet
17
Q
Mary, Mother of Jesus
A
- Virgin Mary: Conceived Jesus while she was a virgin
- Revered for humility and motherly love
- Honoured particularly by Roman Catholics
- Immaculate Conception refers to Mary’s conception, not Jesus: Mary’s parents did not have sin when she was conceived, and therefore deemed worthy of becoming Jesus’ mother
18
Q
Mass
A
- Public celebration of the Eucharist in the Roman Catholic Church and some Protestant Churches
19
Q
Monasticism
A
- Monkhood
- Lead a religious life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work
20
Q
Monophysite
A
-A person who holds that the person of Jesus Christ is only one nature (wholly divine or only subordinately human), not two
21
Q
Nestorianism
A
- Nestorius and his believers held that Jesus is divine and human, but not at the same itme
- Calling Mary the Mother of God is taints Jesus’ divinity because of the nature of the womb–separation of the two
22
Q
New Testament
A
- Second part of the Christian Bible
- Recorded life and teachings of Jesus and his earliest followers
- Four Gospels, Act of Apostles, 21 Epistles (Pauline Letters and General Letters), Book of Revelation (Apocalypse of John)
23
Q
Nicene Creed
A
- Result of Arianism
- Originally adopted in the city of Nicea in 325
- Profession of faith required by those undertaking important functions in the Catholic Church
24
Q
Old Testament
A
- Differs in order and content from the Hebrew Bible
- Protestant, Orthodox, and Catholic Old Testaments also differ from one another: Protestant Old Testament excludes the Apocrypha; the Orthodox Old Testament includes some books from the Pseudepigrapha
25
Ordination
Act of ordaining or conferring Holy orders on someone
26
Original Sin
Doctrine widely accepted in Western Christianity that holds that all humans have an inborn tendency to sin as a result of Adam and Eve's first act of disobedience to God.
27
Orthodox
- Means "true teaching", as opposed to falsehood
| - The common tradition of the Eastern Christian churches
28
Parting of the Ways
- The gradual splitting of Judaism and Christianity
| - Happened at different rates in different places
29
Paul
- Ancient Christian teacher and preacher
- Generation after the disciples of Jesus, but considers himself an apostle
- One of the foremost leaders of the Early Christian Church
30
Protestant
- Broad spectrum of Christian churches that broke away from Roman Catholicism in the 16th century, professing to follow the Bible as the ultimate authority
- Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran Churches
31
Reformation
- Lack of confidence in the Papacy
- Schism within Western Christianity: Salvation by faith alone
- Renaissance ideas led to questioning of traditional ways of thinking
- Printing press: Rapid dissemination of ideas
- Northern Europe, except most of Ireland=Protestant; Southern Europe=Catholic; Central Europe=divided, leading to war
- Many Protestant "Puritans" left for Americas in search for religious freedom
