Developmental Psychology

Question 0

Zygote

Answer 0

Fertilized egg enters 2 week period of rapid division

Question 1

Developmental psych

Answer 1

Branch of psych that studies physical cognitive and social change through life span

Question 2

Embryo

Answer 2

Developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization to second month

Question 3

Fetus

Answer 3

Developing human organism from 9 weeks to birth

Question 4

Teratogens

Answer 4

Agents like chemicals and viruses that can reach embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

Question 5

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 5

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by pregnant woman’s heavy drinking. Symptoms include noticeable facial disproportions

Question 6

Habituation

Answer 6

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation

Question 7

Maturation

Answer 7

Biological growth processes that enable orderly change ms in behavior relatively uninfluenced by experiences

Question 8

Cognition

Answer 8

All mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

Question 9

Schema

Answer 9

Concept of framework that organizes and interprets information

Question 10

Assimilation

Answer 10

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemes

Question 11

Accommodation

Answer 11

Adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new info

Question 12

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 12

Piaget’s theory the stage from birth to 2 years during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

Question 13

Object permanence

Answer 13

Awareness that things continue to exist Even when not perceived

Question 14

Perils rational stage

Answer 14

In piafet’s theory, stage from 2 to 6/7 years of age during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend mental operations of concrete logic

Question 15

Conservation

Answer 15

Principle which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning that properties like mass volume and number remain the same despite changes in forms of objects

Question 16

Egocentrism

Answer 16

Piaget’s theory, the pre-operational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view

Question 17

Theory of mind

Answer 17

Peoples ideas about their own and others mental states– their feelings perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict

Question 18

Concrete operational stage

Answer 18

In Piaget’s theory, stage of cognitive development from about 6 or 7 to 11 during which children gain their mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

Question 19

Formal operational stage

Answer 19

In Piaget’s theory, stage of cognitive development normally beginning at 12 during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

Question 20

Autism

Answer 20

Disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication social interaction and understanding of others states of mind

Question 21

Stranger anxiety

Answer 21

Fear of strangers that infants commonly display beginning at about 8 months

Question 22

Attachment

Answer 22

Emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation

Question 23

Critical period

Answer 23

Optimal period shortly after birth when an organisms exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development

Question 24

Imprinting

Answer 24

Process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

Question 25

Temperament

Answer 25

Persons characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

Question 26

Basic trust

Answer 26

According to Erik Erikson a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

Question 27

Self concept

Answer 27

Our understanding and evaluation of who we are

Question 28

Gender

Answer 28

In psych, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female

Question 29

Aggression

Answer 29

Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone

Question 30

X chromosome

Answer 30

Sex chromosome found in both men and women.

Question 31

Y chromosome

Answer 31

Sex chromosome found only in males

Question 32

Testosterone

Answer 32

Make sex hormone.

Question 33

Role

Answer 33

Set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Question 34

Gender role

Answer 34

Set of expected behavior for males and females

Question 35

Gender identity

Answer 35

Sense of being male or female

Question 36

Gender typing

Answer 36

Acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

Question 37

Social learning theory

Answer 37

Theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

Question 38

Adolescence

Answer 38

Transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence

Question 39

Puberty

Answer 39

Period of sexual maturation during which s person becomes capable of reproducing

Question 40

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 40

Body structures that make sexual reproduction possible

Question 41

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 41

No reproductive sexual characteristics such as female breaststroke and hips, male voice quality, and body hair

Question 42

Menarche

Answer 42

The first menstrual period

Question 43

Identity

Answer 43

Sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescents task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles

Question 44

Social identity

Answer 44

The “we” aspect of our self concept; the part of our answer to “who am I” that comes from our group membership

Question 45

Intimacy

Answer 45

In Erikson’s theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships; a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood

Question 46

Emerging adulthood

Answer 46

For some people in modern cultures, a period from the late teens to mid twenties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible adulthood