35 Diabetes (Adverse effects)

Question 1

Insulin preparations

Answer 1

Lipodystrophy at injection site

Question 2

Sulfonylurea drugs

Answer 2

Hypoglycemia, hematologic toxicity, weight gain, skin rash, nausea, vomiting and cholestasis

Question 3

Meglitinide drugs

Answer 3

Hypoglycemia

Question 4

Biguanide drugs

Answer 4

Metformin: Diarrhea, rarely lactic acidosis
Phenformin: Lactic acidosis (withdrawn from market)

Question 5

Thiazolidinones (Glitazone drugs)

Answer 5

Edema, increased plasma volume and risk of heart failure, weight gain, and osteoporosis

Question 6

Incretin mimetics

Answer 6

GLP-1 mimetics: Nausea and increased risk of pancreatitis

DPP-4 inhibitors: Musculoskeletal pain

Question 7

α-glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 7

Flatulence and abdominal bloating

Question 8

SGLT-2 inhibitors (Gliflozins)

Answer 8

Increased risk of UTI and genital infections, volume depletion, ketoacidosis, osteoporosis, and renal damage (Acute risk of renal damage, but on long-term it decreases progression of renal and cardiovascular diseases)

Question 9

Amylin mimetic

Answer 9

Hypoglycemia, nausea, anorexia, and headache

Question 10

Dopamine agonists

Answer 10

Nausea, headache, dizziness, psychiatric manifestations, erythromelalgia
High doses: Pulmonary infiltrate and valvular heart disease