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MSK > Blood Vascular > Flashcards

Blood Vascular Flashcards

0
Q

Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis is calcification within which layer of the artery?

A

Tunica media (muscle wall) - does not cause luminal narrowing

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1
Q

Sickle cell anemic patients are more likely to develop which other condition 100x more frequently compared to the normal pop’n?

A

Salmonella osteomyelitis

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2
Q

A “coiled” appearance in the neck adjacent to the spine is virtually diagnostic for which condition?

A

Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis

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3
Q

Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis affects which part of the artery wall?

A

Tunica intima – causes luminal narrowing

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4
Q

What is the M/C congenital aneurysm?

A

Berry aneurysm in circle of Willis

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5
Q

Where is the M/C peripheral aneurysm and which gender is it most common in?

A

Popliteal artery (M:F = 30:1)

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6
Q

What is the 1st, 2nd and 3rd M/C locations for an aneurysm (and in which gender are they commonly seen)?

A 
1st = Abdominal aortic (M>F)
2nd = Common iliac artery (M>F)
3rd = Splenic artery (F>M)
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7
Q

Ascending and aortic arch aneurysms are seen in which infective condition?

A

Syphilis

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8
Q

What is the M/C predisposing diseases of venous insufficiency?

A

Diabetes mellitus

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9
Q

What is the characteristic radiographic finding associated with venous insufficiency and what is the pathology behind it?

A

Periosteal new bone formation caused by hypoxia (sluggish blood flow).

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10
Q

AVN of the femoral head is bilateral in what % of cases? In what gender pop’n is it more commonly seen?

A

50% (but asymmetric); males

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11
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease is commonly seen in which age group and gender?

A

5-7yrs (3-12); males

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12
Q

What is Gage’s sign in relation to Legg-Calve-Perthes?

A

Lucent DEFECT at lateral epiphysis and adjacent metaphysis early in disease (indicates poorer prognosis).

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13
Q

Kienbock’s disease is M/C is which gender?

A

Males (9:1)

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14
Q

In what % of cases is negative ulnar variance associated with Kienbock’s?

A

75%

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15
Q

Kohler’s disease is seen in what age pop’n and gender?

A

Kids (5yrs); males

16
Q

What is the prognosis of Kohler’s disease?

A

Resolves with complete reconstitution of navicular to normal appearance.

17
Q

Panner’s disease is seen in which gender?

A

Exclusively males

18
Q

What is the etiology associated with Panner’s disease?

A

a) Repetitive trauma

b) Pitching & throwing activities

19
Q

Osgood-Schlatter’s disease is bilateral in what % of cases?

A

50%

20
Q

According to Yochum, schmorl’s nodes can be seen in which conditions?

A 
"SHOOT"
S = Scheuermann's disease
H = Hyperparathyroidism
O = Osteoporosis
O = Osteomalacia
T = Trauma
21
Q

Where is the M/C location for osteochondritis dessicans?

A

Medial condyle, lateral aspect

22
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for osteochondritis dessicans involving the medial talar dome?

A

Inversion + rotation + plantar flexion

23
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for osteochondritis dessicans involving the lateral talar dome?

A

Inversion where talus compresses against fibula. ???

24
Q

Blount’s disease is seen in which age pop’n?

A

Bimodal

  • infantile 1-3yrs; M/C
  • adolescent 8-15yrs
25
Q

What is the etiology of Diaz’s disease?

A

a) posttraumatic (usually after talar neck fx)

b) induced by oral corticosteroid therapy

26
Q

Which radiographic sign signifies a good prognosis for talar fx?

A

Hawkin’s sign (subcortical lucent band)

27
Q

What is Van Neck’s disease?

A

Irregular ends of the ischium and inferior pubic ramus at the ischiopubic synchondrosis.

28
Q

What is Calve’s disease?

A

Historical term for VB collapse that was thought to be d/t avascular necrosis; collapsed VB was found to be d/t to EG.

29
Q

What is the radiographic difference between Gaucher’s and Niemann-Pick disease?

A

No epiphyseal osteonecrosis or well-defined lucent lesions.

30
Q

What is Fabry’s disease?

A

Lipid storage disease – deposits glycolipids in blood vessels

  • causes osteonecrosis of various bones (esp. femur & talus)
  • bilateral, symmetric skin pigmentation
  • renal cysts!
31
Q

What is the skin finding seen with multicentric reticulohistiocytosis?

A

mucosal papules (50%)

32
Q

How is multicentric reticulohistiocytosis different from RA?

A

MCRH has soft tissue nodules; can affect the DIPS; doesn’t have juxtaarticular osteopenia; can get marginal erosions (more similar to gout)

33
Q

Erdheim-Chester disease?

A

Excessive deposits of foam macrophages causing cardiac and pulmonary manifestations.

A cause for retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Has lung findings similar to LCH.

MSK findings: patchy diffuse medullary sclerosis; thickened cortex in diaphysis and metaphysis; SYMMETRICAL

MSK (5 decks)

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