Endocrinology Rapid Review Flashcards
The most common type of hypothyroidism
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Lab findings in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
High TSH, low T4, anti-microsomal antibodies
Exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema, and low TSH
Graves’ disease
Most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome
Iatrogenic corticosteroid administration
Second most common is Cushing’s disease
Patient presents with signs of hypocalcemia, high phosphorus, and low PTH
Hypoparathyroidism
Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia
Stones - kidney stones
Bones - bone pain
Groans - abdominal pain
Psychiatric overtones - psychosis
Primary hyperaldosteronism causes
Conn’s syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
Primary hyperaldosteronism presentation
Headache, weakness, polyuria
Hypertension, tetany
Hypernatremia, hypokalemia, metaoblic alkalosis
Pheochromocytoma presentation
Tachycardia, wild BP swings, HA, diaphoresis, AMS, sense of panic
First line treatment in pheochromocytoma?
a-antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
Use B-blockers next
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus presentation
History of lithium use presenting with copious amounts of dilute urine
Treatment of central DI
DDAVP, decrease serum osmolality and free water restriction
Postoperative patient with significant pain presents with hyponatremia and normal volume status
SIADH due to stress
Anti-diabetic agent associated with metabolic acidosis
Metformin
Primary adrenal insufficiency presentation
Weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, new skin pigmentation
Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
