Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine > Lec 5 Thyroid 1 > Flashcards

Lec 5 Thyroid 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are clinical signs of hyperthyroidism?

A
  • hypermetabolism

- appearance of hyperadrenergic state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should you think if patient presents with new onset AFib?

A

think hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is effect of hyperthyroid on GI?

A

increased frequency of bowel movements but not diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is etiology of graves disease?

A

anti-TSH receptor antibodies –> cause diffuse goiter and hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are 3 extra-thyroid signs of graves?

A
  • graves eye disease
  • pretibial myxedema: peau d’orange
  • thyroid acropachy: clubbing and periosteal thickening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do you see histologically in grave’s disease?

A

thyroid hyperplasia

white scalloping of colloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is graves opthalmopathy?

A
  • orbitopathy
  • bulging eyes
  • red/inflamed
  • asymmetrical
  • diplopia
  • lid swelling = periorbital edema
  • can have visual loss from optic nerve compression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is thyroid onycholysis? Underlying diagnosis?

A

plummers nails = in 3rd and 4th digit separation of nail from nail bed
sign of graves disease [not just hyperthyroid]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is mech of action thioureas [propylthiouracil + methimazole]?

A

block thyroid hormone synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are signs of thyroid storm?

A
  • fever
  • confusion or coma
  • hypotension
  • CHF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are 3 types of autoimmune thyroid disease?

A
  • graves
  • hashimotos
  • silent [postpartum] thyroiditis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is toxic multinodular goiter?

A

have multiple autonomous hyperplastic nodules secreting thyroid hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is etiology of toxic adenoma?

A

single autonomously functioning benign neoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is mech of postpartum thyroiditis?

A

occurs in months after pregnancy –> painless lymphocytic thyroiditis causing release of thyroid hormone stores followed by hypothyroid phase

have longterm future risk of other autoimmune thyroid disease [graves, hashimoto]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is mech of DeQuervain’s subacute thyroiditis?

A

painful inflammation of thyroid after viral URI – > swelling and pain lasts months; transient thyrotoxicosis then transient hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is etiology of thyrotoxicosis factitia?

A

ingestion of thyroid hormone

17
Q

What is mech of trophoblastic tumor?

A

high levels of HCG cross react with TSH receptor

18
Q

What is struma ovarii?

A

ectopic thyroid tissue in ovarian teratoma

19
Q

What is presentation of toxic multinodular goiter?

A
  • seen in older patients

- gradual onset of thyroid autonomy + insidious onset of hyperthyroidism

20
Q

What is presentation of solitary autonomously functioning hot nodule?

A
  • longstanding solitary thyroid nodule with insidious onset of hyperthyroidism
21
Q

What is transiet thyrotoxicosis due to thyroiditis? X types?

A

not true hyperthyroidism –> no true increased synthesis just have release of thyroid hormone stores

present w/ transient mild thyrotoxicosis for 1-2 months then hypothyroidism for a few months

  • postpartum thyroiditis
  • subacute [DeQuervain’s thyroiditis]
  • drug induced
22
Q

What is a drug that is known to cause drug-induced thyroiditis?

A

amiodarone

23
Q

What should you suspect if hyperthyroid early in pregnancy?

A

trophoblastic tumor = molar pregnancy; high levels of HCG cross react with TSH receptor

24
Q

What type of antibodies seen in autoimmune thyroid disease?

A
  • stimulating TSH receptor antibodies [graves]
  • blocking TSH receptor antibodies [hypothyroid]
  • anti-thyroglobulin; anti-thyroid peroxidase [most pts]
25
Q

What is hashimotos thyroiditis?

A
  • autoimmune thyroiditis causing gradual progression to hypothyroidism over many years
  • have antithyroid antibodies
26
Q

What do you see histologically in hashimotos?

A

lymphocytic infiltrate with germinal centers + destruction of thyroid follicels

27
Q

What labs do you see in hypothyroid?

A
  • low T3/T4
  • high TSH
  • anemia
  • high cholesterol
28
Q

What is myxedema coma?

A

severe hypothyroid plus some kind of stress causes:

  • hypoventilation
  • hypoxia
  • hypercarbia
  • hypothermia
  • coma
29
Q

What are 3 causes of congenital hypothyroidism?

A
  • endemic iodide deficiency
  • thyroid dysgenesis
  • inherited defect in hormone synthesis
30
Q

What are effects of congenital hypothyroid?

A

cretinism

  • mental retardation
  • growth retardation
  • characteristic facies
31
Q

What is treatment for hypothyroid?

A

pure T4; dose adjusted to normalize serum TSH

32
Q

What is clinical presentation of silent thyroiditis?

A

small goiter, non-tender
post-partum woman
thyrotoxic for 4-8 wks then hypothyroid for months

33
Q

What do you see histologically with subacute DeQuervain’s thyroiditis?

A

granuloma/giant cell formation

Endocrine (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions