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Hematology Rotation > Flow Cytometry > Flashcards

Flow Cytometry Flashcards

1
Q

Argon ___ electricity heats the argon gas producing light of a single wavelength.This emitted light excites the fluorescent compounds attached to the antibodies. Fluorescent compounds emit light of a higher wavelength which is detected by the instrument.

A

Function of laser

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2
Q

Function of Photomulitplier Tube (PMT)

A

Detects photons. The more photons, the more fluorescence being emitted.

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3
Q

Function of Computer display.

A

Electrical impulses are sent to the computer for storage, analysis, and viewing as histograms

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4
Q

Explain hydrodynamic focusing.

A

Technique that allows cells to pass through the laser beam in a single file. one cell at a time.

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5
Q

Identify the cellular component measured by forward angle light scatter (FALS or FS)

A

Detects particle (cell) size

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6
Q

Identify the cellular component measured by 90 degree light scatter (SS)

A

Detects the granularity or internal composition of cells. Measured by a separate PMT

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7
Q

Be able to identify the cell populations of normal scattergrams

A

Pictures

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8
Q

List the five fluorescent compounds commonly used with an argon laser in flow cytometric analysis.

A
  • FITC-Fluorescein isothiocyanate-green
  • PE-phycoerythrin-orange
  • ECD-Red
  • PeCy5-Deep red
  • PeCy7
  • PI-propidium iodide-red
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9
Q

List three different types of samples that are acceptable for flow cytometric analysis

A

Peripheral blood, BM, tissue, fine needle aspirate, lavage specimen

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10
Q

List two methods of preparing a single cell suspension from a peripheral blood sample.

A
  • Sample is mixed with a hypotonic solution to lyse RBCs, and centrifuged, incubated for 30 mins, and run on flow cytometer
  • automated instrument: T-Q prep
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11
Q

Define gating

A

Electronic isolation of a population of cells for analysis.

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12
Q

List three reasons why immunophenotypic by flow cytometry might be requested on a patient.

A
  • Diagnosis of leukemias and lymphomas
  • Detection of minimal residual disease before the overt relapse of acute leukemia
  • T-cells subset enumeration in HIV patients
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13
Q

Define helper: suppressor (H:S) ratio

A

?

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14
Q

State the adult normal range for Helper:suppressor ratio

A

?

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15
Q

Define CD and explain the purpose of CD numbers

A

CD: Cluster of differentiations; cell surface membrane receptors or markers used to characterize cells by their functions. used to identify cell clones associated with lymphatic and myelogenous leukemias & lymphomas

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16
Q

List CD markers for granulocytic/monocytic

A

CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33, CD34

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17
Q

List CD markers for Erythroid

A

CD71

18
Q

List CD markers for megakaryocytes

A

CD41, CD42, CD61

19
Q

List CD markers for B cell

A

CD19, CD20, Kappa and lambda light chains

20
Q

List CD markers for T cell

A

CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8

21
Q

What is normal myeloid:erythroid ratio (M:E)?

A

1.5:1-3.3:1

22
Q

Calculate the cellularity in an adult using the normacellular formula and determine if it is normal, hyperplasia,or hypoplasia.

A

(100-Age) +/- 10

23
Q

Review Cytochemistry lecture for case studies

A

MPO ect

24
Q

Calculate an LAP score and normal range

A

Score times # cells. Then add up all to get LAP score

Normal range: 20-100

25
Q

Decreased LAP score is associated with____

A

untreated CML

26
Q

Normal to increased LAP score is associated with _____

A

Leukemoid reaction

27
Q

Increased LAP score is associated with______

A

Pregnancy, polycythemia vera (PV)

28
Q

Reed-sternbergy and Hodgkin cells are seen in___

A

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

29
Q

Sezary cells are seen in ___

A

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/Mycosis fungoides

30
Q

Mott cells and Flame cells are seen in____

A

Plasma cells

31
Q

Smudge cells are seen in ___

A

CLL-Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia/SLL

32
Q

Hairy cells are seen in ____

A

Hairy cell Leukemia

33
Q

Genetics mutations with of Mantle cell lymphoma

A

t(11;14)

34
Q

Genetics mutations with of Follicular lymphoma

A

t(14;18)

35
Q

Genetics mutations with of Hairy cell leukemia

A

BRAF-V600E

36
Q

Genetics mutations with of Burkitt lymphoma

A

t(8;14)

37
Q

Genetics mutations with of Large granular lymphocyte leukemia.

A

STAT3 gene mutation

38
Q

Genetics mutations found in PV (polycythemia vera), ET (Essential thrombocythemia), PMF (primary myelofibrosis)

A

JAK2 V617F

39
Q

Genetic mutation associated with Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

A

t(9;22)

40
Q

Genetics mutations associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)

A

t(15;17)

41
Q

Genetics mutations associated with AML-with maturation

A

t(8;21)

42
Q

Genetics mutations associated with AML with abnormal marrow eosinophils

A

inv(16) or t(16;16)

Hematology Rotation (4 decks)

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