Discovery ed. pgs. 4-7 5.2

Question 0

What is Northern Siberia covered by?

Answer 0

Tundra

Question 1

Russia has a population of ___________________ the size of the United States.

Answer 1

Less than half

Question 2

What lies south of the tundra?

Answer 2

Plains, Forests, and mountain ranges to the east.

Question 3

What is the temperature in the plains of Central Siberia?

Answer 3

Extremely hot and humid in the summer months and bitterly cold in the winter months.

Question 4

What did the Soviet Union develop after the Trans-Siberian Railroad that also brought migration to European Russia?

Answer 4

Industrial Centers, Oil fields, and gas pipelines.

Question 9

What part of Russia contains most of Russia’s resources?

Answer 9

Siberia

Question 10

What resources does Siberia and the Russian Far East contain?

Answer 10

Mineral, oil, gas, coal, and timber reserves.

Question 11

Why is transportation over the Trans-Siberian Railroad limited?

Answer 11

The railroad travels on a mainly southern route across the country. This makes it useless for a mine or oil well that is not close to the railroad.

Question 12

What was constructed during the 1900s, and what did it help to transport?

Answer 12

A series of pipelines were constructed to help transport oil and natural gas that was extracted.

Question 13

What has Russia been able to maintain due to the system of pipelines?

Answer 13

Near control on the transportation of natural gas and Eurasian oil to Western and Central Europe.

Question 14

What makes trade and travel challenging in Central Asia?

Answer 14

Central Asia is surrounded by mountains and oceans.

Question 15

What has the Central Asia region been home to? Why has this particular industry done well?

Answer 15

Nomadic Herding. The grassy plains are suitable for raising herding animals.

Question 16

What happened when the steppe and nomadic region was brought under the control of the Soviet Union?

Answer 16

Nomadic people were forced to go into a more Urban and stationary lifestyle when extensive ranching and agricultural industries were developed.

Question 17

Before the Soviet Union controlled the region, what was the nomadic lifestyle like, in terms of water and temperature?

Answer 17

Small population density required less water. Temperature is arid to semi-arid, making there less sources of water. People here have used the saxaul tree’s water beneath its bark for water.

Question 18

Once extensive farming and industrialization developed, what was the lifestyle like?

Answer 18

Larger populations, which resulted in a need for more freshwater. Now, it is harder for these regions to share water resources since they have gained independence from the Soviet Union.

Question 19

Problems with water transportation has led to the construction of the 1.______________________.

Answer 19

1. Trans-Siberian Railroad

Question 20

What is the easiest and least expensive way to transport goods?

Answer 20

Water

Question 21

Why is water transportation limited in Russia?

Answer 21

Russia can’t access ocean ports that operate year-round. Most rivers flow away from European Russia and toward the Arctic Ocean. Additionally, Russia’s Siberian rivers freeze so that they are unusable in the winter months.

Question 22

What is Russia a major exporter of to its neighbors and countries around the world?

Answer 22

Fuel

Question 23

What did Russia begin exploiting in the 1800s?

Answer 23

Large oil and gas reserves

Question 24

What is the main reason for the shrinking of the Aral Sea?

Answer 24

The need for water in order to support large-scale farming and urbanizaiton.

Question 25

The Aral Sea is now only ___________ of its original size.

Answer 25

one tenth

Question 26

Which two rivers have contributed to the loss of the Aral Sea and for what reason?

Answer 26

The Amu Darya and Syr Darya have been diverted for irrigation. There is very little rainfall in the area, causing the sea to shrink even more.

Question 27

What industries have been lost due to the shrinking of the Aral Sea?

Answer 27

Commercial Fishing was lost, which also affected other related jobs. Shipping near the Aral has dissipated.

Question 28

What has happened to the water that is left in the Aral sea?

Answer 28

It is heavily polluted with pesticides and fertilizers from cotton farms.

Question 29

How can hydroelectric plants be used?

Answer 29

By using hydroelectric power plants as a safer and eco friendlier source of energy. There are many rivers and streams in Russia that could provide a sufficient source of energy.

Question 30

How can wind energy be used to provide energy to areas in Russia and Central Asia?

Answer 30

This source of energy can be used along the coasts, in wide expanses of land in Siberia, steppes, and in mountainous regions. For areas where oil is extracted, wind energy could be helpful.

Question 31

All in all, what has extracting oil, natural gas, and agricultural potential produced problems with?

Answer 31

Drying lakes (ex. Aral Sea) and pollution

Question 32

How will these countries likely be able to find solutions to the problems they are faced with?

Answer 32

Cooperation among the countries of the region

Question 33

How do you think the problem with the drying of the Aral Sea can be solved?

Answer 33

Possibly by creating laws so that only a certain amount of water can be diverted for agricultural and industrial purposes. This will allow the Sea some time to replenish its water.

Question 34

How do you think the problem with water management can be solved?

Answer 34

By increasing the number of saxaul trees in the area, it will provide more drinking water for higher populated areas.

Question 35

How do you think the problems with oil extraction and the usage of dynamite can be solved?

Answer 35

The government could pass laws to create protected reserves that prevent people from clearing the land for oil here. Additionally, wind energy can be used in mountain ranges as to provide a more eco friendly and efficient solution to oil extraction.