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Drugs!! > Psychiatric drugs > Flashcards

Psychiatric drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Name 2 SSRIs. (2)

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Citalopram, Sertraline

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2
Q

Name 3 indications for SSRIs. (3)

A 
Depression
Anxiety
OCD
PTSD
Bulimia (fluoxetine)
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3
Q

Name 4 side effects of SSRIs. (4)

A

GI: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, diarrhoea (usually transient and dose related)
Sexual: lower libido, delayed orgasm
Hypersensitivity reactions
Other: headache, anxiety, restlessness, sleep disturbance

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4
Q

Name one contraindication for SSRIs. (1)

A 
Mania
Bipolar disorder (caution)
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5
Q

How long until the beneficial effects of SSRIs will be felt? (1)

A

2 weeks for any effect, 6 weeks for full effect.

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6
Q

Name 2 TCAs. (2)

A

Amitriptyline, Imipramine, Lofepramine, Clomipramine.

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7
Q

Name 2 indications for TCAs. (2)

A

Depression
OCD (clomipramine)
Neuropathic pain (amitriptyline)
Nocturnal enuresis

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8
Q

Name 4 side effects of TCAs. (4)

A

Antimuscarini: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
Drowsiness
CV: postural hypotension, arrhythmias
TOXICITY in OD: cardiotoxic, respiratory failure, seizures, convulsions, coma

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9
Q

Name 2 contraindications for use of TCAs. (2)

A 
Recent MI
Arrhythmias
Severe liver disease
Mania (caution in bipolar)
High risk of suicide
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10
Q

How long until the beneficial effects of TCAs will be felt? (1)

A

2 weeks for any effect, 6 weeks for full effect.

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11
Q

Name one MAOI. (1)

Name 3 foods that should be avoided. (3)

A

Phenelzine, Moclobemide

Cheese, Non-fresh fish/meat, Broad beans, Bovril/Oxo, Alcohol

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12
Q

Name one SNRI. (1)

A

Venlafaxine

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13
Q

Name 3 side effects of mirtazapine. (3)

A

Increased appetite
Weight gain
Oedema
Sedation

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14
Q

Name 3 examples of atypical anti-psychotics (3)

Name 3 examples of typical anti-psychotics (3)

A

Atypical: Olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole, amisulpiride, clozapine

Typical: Chlorpromazine, haloperidol, flupenthixol, sulpiride

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15
Q

Name 3 indications for the use of anti-psychotics. (3)

A 
Schizophrenia
Other psychotic illness
Mania
Agitation
Prophylaxis of bipolar (olanzapine)
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16
Q

Name 3 side effects of the atypical anti-psychotics. (3)

A 
Weight gain
Postural hypotension
Drowsiness
Diabetes
Extra-pyramidal side effects (can occur but more common in typical)
17
Q

Which medicines are associated the most with extra pyramidal side effects? (1)
Describe the different kinds of extrapyramidal side effects. (4)

A

Typical antipsychotics (also atypicals but not as much)

  1. Parkinsonism
  2. Acute dystonia (grimacing, abnormal movement, facial spasms, torticollis, jaw dislocation, altered behaviour)
  3. Tardive dyskinesia (irreversible, involuntary movements of oral-lingual region)
  4. Akathesia (restlessness)
18
Q

What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome? (2)

A

Rare but potentially fatal complication of anti-psychotics.
Hyperthermia, fluctuating consciousness, rigidity and autonomic dysfunction.
Increased white cells and creatinine phosphokinase.
Lasts for 5-7 days after cessation of treatment.

19
Q

When can a patient try clozapine? (1)

A

After an adequate trial of two anti-psychotic agents, one of which must have been atypical.

20
Q

Name 3 side effects associated with clozapine. (3)

A 
Agranulocytosis
Constipation
Tachycardia
Hypersalivation
Sedation
Hypertension
Weight gain
Diabetes
Convulsions
Myocarditis
21
Q

When is clozapine contraindicated? (3)

A

Severe heart disease
Severe renal disease
Active liver disease
History of bone marrow disorders

22
Q

Discuss 2 very important point to mention to a patient that is commencing clozapine therapy. (2)

A

Adverse effects: especially agranulocytosis; regular FBC (weekly for 18 weeks then fortnightly, then monthly)
Hence initiation ends to occur in the inpatient setting.

If more than 2 days of doses are missed then they will need to be re-titrated from beginning.

23
Q

Name 2 short acting anxiolytics and 2 long acting anxiolytics. (4)

A

Short: temazepam, lorazepam
Long: diazepam, nitrazepam

24
Q

Name 3 indications for benzodiazepines. (3)

A 
short term relief of anxiety
insomnia
alcohol withdrawal
status epilepticus
premedication before minor surgery e.g. endoscopy
25
Q

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose? (1)

A

Flumazenil

26
Q

Name main side effect of note for methylphenidate. (1)

A

Decreased appetite causes weight loss and can also cause growth restriction. Monitor height and weight in children.

Drugs!! (10 decks)

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