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neuro ii exam 1 > Eye Pathology - Fremont-Smith > Flashcards

Eye Pathology - Fremont-Smith Flashcards

1
Q

hyaloid canal

A

remnant of fetal central retinal artery

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2
Q

retinal artery occlusion

A

atheromatous emboli from I/L internal carotid stenosis

HTN diabetes

temporal arteritis

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3
Q

TIA of retinal artery

A

amaurosis fugax

browin out
loss of vision one eye 10 minutes

I/L internal carotid artery stenosis

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4
Q

anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

A

short ciliary arteries

supply optic nerve

vision loss one eye - upon awakening**

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5
Q

papilledema

A

with increased ICP

venous stasis
and compression of optic nerve

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6
Q

infection of eyelid

A

staph

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7
Q

meibomian gland

A

eyelid

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8
Q

external stye

A

hair follicle

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9
Q

internal stye

A

meibomian gland

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10
Q

hordeolum

A

stye

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11
Q

stye

A

acute inflammation gland of zeis

or meibomian gland

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12
Q

stye infection

A

staph

clears 7 days

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13
Q

chalazion

A

meibomian gland lipogranuloma

inflammation to rupture of gland

secondary to obstruction

granuloma - giant cells around lipid vacoles

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14
Q

chalazion prognosis

A

lasts weeks to months

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15
Q

xanthelasma palpebratum

A

soft, flat, raised yellow papules or plaques

hyper and normo-lipemic patients

foamy, lipid-laden histiocytes in dermis

cosmetic surgery

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16
Q

split nevus

A

congenital of eyelid
-rare

follow for changes

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17
Q

compound nevus

A

dermis and epidermis

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18
Q

only dermis

A

dermal nevus

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19
Q

most common eyelid malignancy

A

BCC

often lower eyelid

nodular, cystic, or diffuse

possible ulceration

lical invade - rare mets

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20
Q

mohs surgery

A

slice by slice removal of BCC of eyelid

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21
Q

shallow ulcer surrounded by wide, elevated, and indurate border on lower eyelid

A

SCC

potential for mets

polygonal cells with pink eosinophilic cytoplasm nuclear atypia, infiltrating cords into dermis, dyskeratotic cells, keratin pearls

22
Q

sebaceous carcinoma

A

elderly asian female

majority upper lip

meibomian, zeis (lash follicle), or caruncle gland

malignant**

foamy, lipid laden cytoplasm, necorsis, pagetoid invasion of skin

15% mortality

23
Q

mets of sebaceous carcinoma

A

lung, liver, brain, skull

24
Q

solar elastosis of conjunctiva

A

pinguecula

small yellow submucosal nodule at limbus

25
Q

pinguecula

A

with sun exposure

no therapy

follow - may go to SCC

26
Q

pterygium

A

submucosal growth of CT - migrates into cornea

UV damage, dust, wind

removed for cosmetic reasons

B9, but need to rule out squamous neoplasia

27
Q

central corneal ulcer

A

herpes simplex virus

28
Q

ulcerative keratitis

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa
staphylococcus aureus

cosmetics or contact lenses

29
Q

ulcerative keratosis fungal

A

aspergillosis
candida
fusarium

30
Q

parasite to ulcerative keratitis

A

microsporidia

31
Q

dendritic ulcer of cornea

A

herpes simplex keratitis

32
Q

hot tub, pond, contact lense

A

amebic keratitis

acanthamoeba

progresses to ring ulcer

33
Q

calcoflour white stain

A

diagnosis of amebic keratitis

confirmed by culture

34
Q

keratoconus

A

degenerative degeneration of corneal curve

astigmatism

usually B/L

progressive visual distortion

35
Q

alport syndrome

A

lens bulge - collagen defect

36
Q

major refractive surface of eye

A

cornea

  • keratoconus
  • distort vision - irregular astigmatism
37
Q

munson sign

A

patient look down - lower lid bulges

positive in keratoconus

38
Q

loss of central vision

A

macular degeneration

age-related

dry and wet

39
Q

dry macular degeneration

A

no neoangiogenesis

deposit in brush membrane and atrophy of retinal pigmented epithleium

no tx

40
Q

wet macular degeneration

A

yes neoangiogenesis

tx - VEGF antagonist injection to vitreous

41
Q

associated with smoking

A

wet macular degeneration

42
Q

intraocular tumor of child

A

retinoblastoma

43
Q

retinoblastoma

A

leukocoria (white pupil)

also strabismus, red and painful eye, poor vision

44
Q

retinoblastoma gene

A

Chromosome 13

45
Q

prognosis of retinoblastoma

A

95%

make sure no invasion (extraocular extension)

46
Q

sympathetic opthalmia

A

non-infectious granulomatous inflammation of uvea of both eyes

retinal antigens visible to immune system

delayed hypersensitivity rxn to other eye

after uvea injury

47
Q

uveal melanoma

A

aka choroidal melanoma

risk fx for mortality - large size, anterior location, extraocular extension

48
Q

early metastasis

A

uveal melanoma

often to liver

bad prognosis

49
Q

cataract

A

disorganization of corneal stroma in lens of eye

50
Q

open angle glaucoma

A

increased resistance to aqueous outflow in open angle

mutations in myocilin - juvenile and adult primary

optineurin mutation - subset of adults

51
Q

angle-closure glaucoma

A

iris adheres to trabecular meshwork

52
Q

cupping

A

result of increased intraocular pressure

-with glaucoma

neuro ii exam 1 (14 decks)

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