Exam II Flashcards
Population
a group of organisms of the same species at the same time in the same space
Density
Crude density–> number of individuals/area Ecological density–> number of individuals/area of its habitat
Dispersion
spatial arrangement of individuals in a population
Uniform
Territoriality–> defend a space
Random
Location of one individual does not affect the other Most uncommon
Clumped
Obvious and discrete aggregations Most common
Birth rate
Average number of offspring/female/time
Mortality rate
Population dying/time
Immigration
movement into a population
Emigration
movement out of a population
Mark-Recapture
model–> Lincoln-Petersen, Schabel, Cormak-Jolly-Sebor
Lincoln-Peterson Estimate
Applicable for closed populations–> no B,I,D,E • Method ○ Sample and mark all individuals (M) ○ Second sample of (n) individuals of which (m)are marked ○ Solve for N Nest= (M*n)/m
Schnabel Estimate
• Multiple mark recapture • Equation: ○ Nest= sum CtMt/Rt ○ Ct= total in sample ○ Mt= # marked at large ○ Rt= total marked
CPUE
catch per effort
Delury depletion
Bound the area so no immigration and emigration Use the linear line equation
Dispersal
movement between populations
Age pyramid
Proportions of total population in differing age classes
Stable age distribution
The proportion in age classes remains constant over time
Life table
age specific view on mortality
Cohort
group of individuals born around the same time
Monocapric
reproduce once and die for plants
Survivorship
ln of survivors type 1: little mortality in early life type 2: constant mortality through life type 3: high mortality in early life–> most common
Fecundity table
Age specific summary of the birth rate
R0
net reproductive rate Average number of female offspring produced per female Dependenant on both lx (survival) and mx (fecundity)
r
intrinsic rate of increase
lambda
geometric growth rate
Geometric growth
Discrete pulses
Discrete time
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Exponential growth
Interoparous organisms Over lapping generations
Continuous time
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Instantaneous population growth rate
dN/dt–> growth over short period of time
Malthusian parameter
r–> intrinsic rate of increase assumed to be a constant–> rmax
Doubling time
• Nt= N0ert ○ Application–> doubling time ○ Nt= N0ert–> divide by N0 ○ Nt/N0= ert= 2 § Need to know t ○ Solve for t § ln2= lnert § ln2= rt ln2/r= t
Finite population growth
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Cohort generation time
Average time between birth of a female and its offspring
Intraspecific competition
Competition within the same species