Bone Tumors Flashcards
What is an osteoma, where does it arise and what is it commonly associated with?
Benign tumor of bone which most commonly arises on the surface of facial bones. Associated with Gardner syndrome.
A patiesnt presents with multiple colon polyps, osteomas and supernumerary teeth. What does he have?
Gardner syndrome.
A 24 year old male model patient presents with complaints of bone pain that resolved when he takes asprin. Imaging reveals a bony mass less than 2 cm with a radiolucent core. What does he have and where does it usually arise?
He has OSTEOID OSTEOMA which is a benign tumor of osteoblasts surrounded by a rim of reactive bone. Arises in cortex of long bone (e.g femur).
A 24 year old male model patient presents with complaints of bone pain that didn’t resolve when he takes asprin. Imaging reveals a bony mass greater than 2 cm with a radiolucent core. What does he have and where does it usually arise?
He has Osteoblastoma which arises in vertebrae.
What is osteochondroma? Is it benign or malignant? Where does it arise from?
It is tumor of bone with an overlying cartilage cap. Most common benign tumor. Arises from a lateral projection of the growth plate (metapjhysis). The bone is continuous with the marrow space.
You are at a pediatric clinic where a teenager comes to your office with bone pain and selling. Imaging reveals a destructive mass with a sunburst appearance and lifting of the periosteum. What is this condition? Is it benign or malignant? What are some risk factors and where does it usually arise from? What would you see on biopsy?
Osteosarcoma which is a malignant proliferation of osteoblasts. Peak incidence is seen in teenagers. Risk factors include familial retinoblastoma, Paget disease and radiation exposure. Arises in the metaphysis of long bones, distal femur or proximal tibia. Biopsy reveals pleomorphic cells that produce osteoid.
You are looking at an X Ray of a young man and you see a femur that has a soap bubble appearance. What is this indicative of? Is it a benign disease? Where does it usually arise?
This is GIANT CELL TUMOR which is comprised of multinucleated giant cells and stromal cells. Locally aggressive tumor that may recur. Arises in the epiphysis of long bones.
You are examining an X-Ray that has the unique appearance of onion skin. You take a biopsy and you see round small blue cells that look like lymphocytes. What is this characteristic of and where are this cells derived from? Where does this disease usually arise? What genetic mutation is present and how does it often present? Treatment and prognosis?
Ewing Sarcoma with (11;22) translocation. This is a malignant proliferation of poorly differentiated cells derived from NEUROECTOERM. Arises in the diaphysis of long bones, usually in male children les than 15 years old. Often presents with metastasis but is responsive to chemotherapy.
What is the difference and the similarity between chondroma and chondrosarcoma?
Chondroms is a benign cartilage tumor and chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilage-forming tumor. Chondroma arises in the medulla of small bones of the hands and feet and chondrosarcoma arises in medulla of pelvis or central skeleton.
What kind of bone lesions do metastatic tumors cause? What is the exception?
Punched out lesions except for Prostatic carcinoma which produces osteoblastic lesions.
