3.6 Cyber Security

Question 1

What is Cyber Security?

Answer 1

Cyber security is the different practices processes and technologies to protect networks, computers, programs and data from attacks, damage or unauthorized access

Question 2

What is a process in cyber security

Answer 2

Backing up data is a process

Question 3

What is a practice in cyber security

Answer 3

Changes passwords regularly and using strong passwords

Question 4

What is a technology in cyber security

Answer 4

A firewall

Question 5

What is pharming

Answer 5

Pharming is hacking the DNS server so the destination IP address is changed and it sends you to a fake website where a hacker can steal information

Question 6

What is removable media

Answer 6

Removable media is USB sticks
They are a problem because they can steal data or infect a computer with malware

Question 7

What is unpatched or outdated software

Answer 7

Unpatched software has loopholes that a cybercriminal can use to hack your computer and infect it with malware or log on to it

Question 8

Why are automatic software updates useful

Answer 8

Automatic software updates will automatically patch the loopholes a cyber criminal can use

Question 9

What is misconfigured access rights

Answer 9

When access rights get misconfigured, it can allow unauthorized people getting access to authorized things

Question 10

What are weak and default passwords

Answer 10

Weak passwords are easily guessable or can be brute forced quickly by a cyber criminal
Default passwords are set by the company and are easily guessable

Question 11

What is social engineering

Answer 11

Cyber criminals using tricks to get people to share sensitive information, performing actions or compromising security measures

Question 12

What is Blagging

Answer 12

Making up an invented scenario to make a targeted victim to share information by using psychological tricks

Question 13

what information does blagging use to get the targeted victim to share information

Answer 13

Blagging uses personal information from the victim that they get from social media to make it sound more believable

Question 14

What is shoulder surfing

Answer 14

Shoulder surfing is looking at a password while it is being entered to be able to get the password and log onto an account

Question 15

What is Phishing

Answer 15

Phishing is when a cyber criminal sends emails to a targeted victim with a link which takes them to a fake website so when they enter their details the cyber criminal will get their username and password and use it on the real website

Question 16

How can you detect Phishing

Answer 16

Poor punctuation and grammar, there is a sense of Urgency and if the URL of the link is suspicious

Question 17

What is Malware

Answer 17

Malware are executable programs that run on a computer to harm and steal data

Question 18

What is a computer Virus

Answer 18

Computer viruses are normally attached to an executable file
They replicate their code in other programs
they infect other computers
they can only spread with the help of a human
they harm the computer by deleting corrupting or modifying files

Question 19

What is a Worm

Answer 19

Worms are a standalone software that does not need the help of a human
They slow down networks and computers
They can replicate themselves

Question 20

What is a Trojan Horse

Answer 20

Trojans disguise themselves and look like unharmful files
When it is opened, it will harm the computer and give the hacker sensitive information

Question 21

What is Spyware

Answer 21

Spyware is installed without the user knowing
It installs a keylogger and reports back to the hacker

Question 22

What is anti-malware software or antiviruses

Answer 22

Anti-Malware software will scan for malware and delete them or put them in quarantine

Question 23

What are 5 rules for creating passwords

Answer 23

Length
lowercase
uppercase
digits
Special characters

Question 24

What is biometric authentication

Answer 24

Measures physical characteristics such as a fingerprint

Question 25

What is email verification

Answer 25

When you sign up to a website it will send an email to verify if it is you

Question 26

What is CAPTCHA

Answer 26

CAPTCHA is a completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart
It makes a task that is designed to be impossible for computers but easy for humans
It works by prompting uses to write distorted text or click on images

Question 27

What is penetration testing

Answer 27

Trying to find security breaches in their own system and then reporting back to them

Question 28

What are the 4 aims of penetration testing

Answer 28

Identify the targets of potential attacks
Identify possible entry points
Attempt to break in
report back findings

Question 29

What are the two types of penetration testing

Answer 29

Malicious insider - They work inside the company and have basic credentials
External Hacker - They work outside the company without any knowledge already