Social Development Flashcards
Attachment
Emotional connection or relationship between caretaker and baby.
Social development
The growth in how one relates to others.
Harlow’s Monkey Studies
Showed that fear of unknown produces attachment.
Monkeys preferred soft, cuddly surrogate mothers even if they didn’t have food.
Monkeys raised without mothers were socially incompetent, aggressive, and unable to raise their own babies.
Secure attachment
Warm relationships exists between baby and mother; infant is not afraid of abandonment.
Resistant attachment
Close relationships exists between baby and mother, but baby is afraid of abandonment.
Avoidant attachment
Distant relationship between baby and mother, and child seems indifferent to whether mother is present.
Socialization
The process by which one acquires the patterns of behavior of ones society.
Autocratic parenting
Parents are strict and rigid and require obedience and conformity to rules.
Authoritative
Parents are firm but fair; make and enforce rules but allow questions and encourage reasonable independence.
Permissive
Parents do not make any rules or enforce the ones they make.
Erikson’s Stages of Development
- Trust vs. mistrust: birth-18 months
- Autonomy vs. shame /doubt: 18 months-3 years
- initiative vs. guilt: 3-6
- competence vs. inferiority: 6-12
- identity vs. role confusion: 12-18
- intimacy vs. isolation: 19-40
- productivity vs. stagnation: 40-65
- ego integrity vs. despair: 65-death
Psychosexual development
Differentiation into gender role or sexual identity.
Gender roles
Behavioral patterns considered appropriate for men and women.
Freudian theory
Four stages: oral, anal, phallic, and genital.
