Policymaking Flashcards

1
Q

Health Maintenance Organization

A

a health insurance organization to which subscribers pay a predetermined fee in return for a range of medical services from physicians and healthcare workers registered with the organization

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2
Q

Uninsured Americans

A

people in America not covered by insurance

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3
Q

Medicare

A

the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease

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4
Q

Medicaid

A

a joint federal and state program that helps low-income individuals or families pay for the costs associated with long-term medical and custodial care

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5
Q

National Health Insurance

A

health insurance that insures a national population for the costs of health care and usually is instituted as a program of healthcare reform

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6
Q

Children’s Health Insurance Program

A

a medical coverage source for individuals under age 19 whose parents earn too much income to qualify for Medicaid, but not enough to pay for private coverage

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7
Q

Health Security Act (failed Clinton plan)

A

a bill to ensure individual and family security through health care coverage for all Americans in a manner that contains the rate of growth in health care costs and promotes responsible health insurance practices, to promote choice in health care, and to ensure and protect the health care of all Americans

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8
Q

Affordable Care Act

A

a US law aimed at reforming the American health care system

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9
Q

Environmental Protection Agency

A

an agency of the United States federal government whose mission is to protect human and environmental health

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10
Q

National Environmental Policy Act

A

a United States environmental law that established a U.S. national policy promoting the enhancement of the environment

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11
Q

Environmental Impact Statements

A

a document prepared to describe the effects for proposed activities on the environment

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12
Q

Clean Air Act of 1970

A

a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level

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13
Q

Water Pollution Control Act of 1972

A

to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters by preventing point and nonpoint pollution sources

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14
Q

Endangered Species Act of 1973

A

an act aims to provide a framework to conserve and protect endangered and threatened species and their habitats

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15
Q

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

A

the principal federal law in the United States governing the disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste

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16
Q

Superfund

A

a US federal government program designed to fund the cleanup of toxic wastes

17
Q

Fossil Feuls

A

a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms

18
Q

Nuclear Energy

A

the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity

19
Q

Alternative Energy

A

energy generated in ways that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment

20
Q

Global Warming

A

a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth’s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect

21
Q

Foreign Policy

A

a government’s strategy in dealing with other nations

22
Q

United Nations

A

economic and social development programs, improving human rights and reducing global conflicts

23
Q

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

A

an organizational that provides a mutual defense from external threats

24
Q

European Union

A

a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe

25
Q

Secretary of State

A

the head of the State Department, responsible for foreign affairs

26
Q

Secretary of Defense

A

the principal defense policy advisor to the President

27
Q

National Security Counsil

A

the President’s principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials

28
Q

Joint Chiefs of Staff

A

the chiefs of staff of the US Army and Air Force, the commandant of the US Marine Corps, and the chief of US Naval Operations

29
Q

Central Intelligence Agency

A

a foreign intelligence service of the U.S. Government, tasked with gathering, processing and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence

30
Q

Isolationism

A

a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries

31
Q

Containment Doctrine

A

a United States policy to prevent the spread of communism abroad

32
Q

Cold War

A

the state of political hostility that existed between the Soviet bloc countries and the US-led Western powers from 1945 to 1990

33
Q

Arms Race

A

a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons

34
Q

Detente

A

the easing of hostility or strained relations

35
Q

Interdependency

A

mutual dependence between things

36
Q

Tariff

A

a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports

37
Q

Balance of Trade

A

the difference in value between a country’s imports and exports

38
Q

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

A

is a permanent, intergovernmental Organization, created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela

39
Q

Foreign Aid

A

money, food, or other resources given or lent by one country to another