Policymaking

Question 1

Health Maintenance Organization

Answer 1

a health insurance organization to which subscribers pay a predetermined fee in return for a range of medical services from physicians and healthcare workers registered with the organization

Question 2

Uninsured Americans

Answer 2

people in America not covered by insurance

Question 3

Medicare

Answer 3

the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease

Question 4

Medicaid

Answer 4

a joint federal and state program that helps low-income individuals or families pay for the costs associated with long-term medical and custodial care

Question 5

National Health Insurance

Answer 5

health insurance that insures a national population for the costs of health care and usually is instituted as a program of healthcare reform

Question 6

Children’s Health Insurance Program

Answer 6

a medical coverage source for individuals under age 19 whose parents earn too much income to qualify for Medicaid, but not enough to pay for private coverage

Question 7

Health Security Act (failed Clinton plan)

Answer 7

a bill to ensure individual and family security through health care coverage for all Americans in a manner that contains the rate of growth in health care costs and promotes responsible health insurance practices, to promote choice in health care, and to ensure and protect the health care of all Americans

Question 8

Affordable Care Act

Answer 8

a US law aimed at reforming the American health care system

Question 9

Environmental Protection Agency

Answer 9

an agency of the United States federal government whose mission is to protect human and environmental health

Question 10

National Environmental Policy Act

Answer 10

a United States environmental law that established a U.S. national policy promoting the enhancement of the environment

Question 11

Environmental Impact Statements

Answer 11

a document prepared to describe the effects for proposed activities on the environment

Question 12

Clean Air Act of 1970

Answer 12

a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level

Question 13

Water Pollution Control Act of 1972

Answer 13

to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters by preventing point and nonpoint pollution sources

Question 14

Endangered Species Act of 1973

Answer 14

an act aims to provide a framework to conserve and protect endangered and threatened species and their habitats

Question 15

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Answer 15

the principal federal law in the United States governing the disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste

Question 16

Superfund

Answer 16

a US federal government program designed to fund the cleanup of toxic wastes

Question 17

Fossil Feuls

Answer 17

a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms

Question 18

Nuclear Energy

Answer 18

the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity

Question 19

Alternative Energy

Answer 19

energy generated in ways that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment

Question 20

Global Warming

Answer 20

a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth’s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect

Question 21

Foreign Policy

Answer 21

a government’s strategy in dealing with other nations

Question 22

United Nations

Answer 22

economic and social development programs, improving human rights and reducing global conflicts

Question 23

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Answer 23

an organizational that provides a mutual defense from external threats

Question 24

European Union

Answer 24

a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe

Question 25

Secretary of State

Answer 25

the head of the State Department, responsible for foreign affairs

Question 26

Secretary of Defense

Answer 26

the principal defense policy advisor to the President

Question 27

National Security Counsil

Answer 27

the President’s principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials

Question 28

Joint Chiefs of Staff

Answer 28

the chiefs of staff of the US Army and Air Force, the commandant of the US Marine Corps, and the chief of US Naval Operations

Question 29

Central Intelligence Agency

Answer 29

a foreign intelligence service of the U.S. Government, tasked with gathering, processing and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence

Question 30

Isolationism

Answer 30

a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries

Question 31

Containment Doctrine

Answer 31

a United States policy to prevent the spread of communism abroad

Question 32

Cold War

Answer 32

the state of political hostility that existed between the Soviet bloc countries and the US-led Western powers from 1945 to 1990

Question 33

Arms Race

Answer 33

a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons

Question 34

Detente

Answer 34

the easing of hostility or strained relations

Question 35

Interdependency

Answer 35

mutual dependence between things

Question 36

Tariff

Answer 36

a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports

Question 37

Balance of Trade

Answer 37

the difference in value between a country’s imports and exports

Question 38

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Answer 38

is a permanent, intergovernmental Organization, created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela

Question 39

Foreign Aid

Answer 39

money, food, or other resources given or lent by one country to another