Equinus

Question 1

what is equinus?

Answer 1

inability to get 10 deg of dorsiflexion

Question 2

which muscles cross 3 joints? name which joints they cross.

Answer 2

gastroc and plantaris cross the: 1. knee joint

2. ankle joint
3. subtalar joint

Question 3

which muscle crosses 2 joints? name them.

Answer 3

soleus

1. ankle
2. subtalar joint

Question 4

the gastrocnemius aponeurosis lies on which surface (anterior or posterieoer) of the muscle?

Answer 4

anterior

Question 5

the soleus aponeurosis lies on which surface (anterior or posterieor) of the muscle?

Answer 5

posterior

Question 6

which anatomical neurovasculature structures are vulnerable in surgery during a gastroc recession?

Answer 6

sural nerve

small saphenous vein

Question 7

TAL (tendo achilles lengthening) procedure is what anatomical level of recession?

Answer 7

anatomic level 1

Question 8

superficial GSR (gastroc recessesion) - te vulpus or Baker procedures are what anatomical level of recession?

Answer 8

level 2

Question 9

deep GSR (baumann) procedure is waht anatomical level of recession?

Answer 9

level 4

Question 10

proximal GT (Silverskoid) procedure is what level of recession?

Answer 10

level 5

Question 11

what is the most common limiting factor of equinus?

Answer 11

tight gastroc-soleus complex

Question 12

what is a pseudoequinus?

Answer 12

there is actually 10 deg of dorsiflexion at ankle, but there is a plantarflexed forefoot in relation to hindfoot

Question 13

what is an osseous equinus?

Answer 13

osseous impingement of the tibiotalar articulation

Question 14

what radiogarphic signs are seen in osseous equinus?

Answer 14

• lateral projection: reduced anterior joint space; squaring of talar neck
• stress dorsiflexion lateral: reveals reduced motion or dorsiflexion

Question 15

what is the silverskiold test?

Answer 15

testing for equinus by dorsiflexing with knees extended and then with knees flexed

Question 16

what type of equinus is present if there is limited dorsiflexion with knees extended but then normal with knees and hip flexed?

Answer 16

gastroc equinus

Question 17

what does uncompensated equinus look like?

Answer 17

toe walking

Question 18

what does a partially compensated equinus look like?

Answer 18

early heel lift gait with STJ/MTJ pronation

or genu recurvatum

Question 19

what does a fully compensated equinus look like?

Answer 19

maximal pronation with normal heel lift (with or without recurvatum)