Thermodynamics

Question 1

What is the equation for enthalpy?

Answer 1

H = U + pV

The internal energy U of the system

The pV work required to establish an environment for it

Question 2

What is the equation for Entropy?

Answer 2

S=K.lnW

Question 3

What is the Free energy equation?

Answer 3

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

Question 4

What is the internal enegry equation?

Answer 4

U = K.E + P.E

Question 5

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 5

Σ ΔP.E + ΔK.E = 0

“The internal energy of an isolated system is constant”

Question 6

Define an equation to link Equilibrium and G

Answer 6

ΔG0 =-RTlnK

Where K is the eq constant = [B]/[A]

Question 7

what is the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

The entropy of an isolated system increases in a thermodynamically favourable change

Or

Thermodynamic favourability equates to a direction which results in ΔStotal = + ve

Question 8

Define an equation that links free energy and concentration

Answer 8

Question 9

Define the van’t Hoff equation

Answer 9

T1 & T2 = Temp

K1 & K2 = Equilibrium constant

Question 10

Link ΔG & P at equilibrium

Answer 10

ΔG0 = -RTlnP

P = partition coefficient = [X]organic/[X] aqueous