Personality Development Mod 44&45

Question 1

In the psychoanalytical perceptive under the subtopic of structure, define conscious.

Answer 1

“Ego” thoughts that are presently in your mind.

Question 2

In the psychoanalytical perceptive under the subtopic of structure, define pre-conscious.

Answer 2

Outside of awareness but accessible.

Question 3

In the psychoanalytical perceptive under the subtopic of structure, define unconscious.

Answer 3

Hidden thoughts, desires, and wishes.

Question 4

Under unconscious, what is “Id”?

Answer 4

Operates on pleasure principle. Striving to seek immediate gratification.

Question 5

Under unconscious, what is a super ego?

Answer 5

Voice of conscious striving for perfection on how one ought to behave.

Question 6

What do our defense mechanisms protect us from?

Answer 6

The ego fears losing control of the inner conflict between id and super ego, resulting in feelings of anxiety.

Question 7

Define repression.

Answer 7

Keeping threatening impulses from reaching consciousness.

Question 8

Define regression

Answer 8

Retreating to an earlier more infantile state of development

Question 9

Define Reaction Formation

Answer 9

Ego makes unacceptable impulses look like their opposites

Question 10

Define Projection

Answer 10

Disguises threatening impulses by attributing them to others.

Question 11

Define rationalization

Answer 11

Self justifying explanations to hide real reasons for our actions

Question 12

Define displacement

Answer 12

Diverts impulses toward an object or person that is psychologically more acceptable than the one who causes in anxiety.

Question 13

What did divergence accept Freud’s view on?

Answer 13

(1) Personality structure of id. ego super ego
(2) Importance of unconscious
(3) Shaping personality in childhood
(4) Dynamics of anxiety and defense mechanisms

Question 14

Alterations

Answer 14

(1) Placed more emphasis on conscious mind

(2) Disputed theory that sex and aggression were all consuming motivation

Question 15

Neo-Freudian psychologist Alfred Alder

Answer 15

Behavior is driven by efforts to overcome childhood feelings of inferiority

Question 16

Neo-Freudian psychologist Karen Horney

Answer 16

Female inferiority is due to males lowing women’s self respect.

Question 17

Neo-Freudian psychologist Carl Jung

Answer 17

“Collective Unconsciousness” common reservoir of images derived from our species universal experiences

Question 18

Neo-Freudian psychologist Carl Jung

Answer 18

“Collective Unconsciousness” common reservoir of images derived from our species universal experiences

Question 19

Define Projective Tests

Answer 19

Presenting ambiguous stimuli which subjects describe. Stimulus has no significance. The meaning that subjects project is presumed to be their interests and conflicts.

Question 20

Define Projective Tests

Answer 20

Presenting ambiguous stimuli which subjects describe. Stimulus has no significance. The meaning that subjects project is presumed to be their interests and conflicts.

Question 21

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 21

View ambiguous pictures and make up stories about them.

Question 22

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Answer 22

Ten inkblots to reflect inner feelings and conflicts.

Question 23

4 Contradictions from modern research

Answer 23

(1) Development is life long and not fixed on childhood
(2) Overestimated parental influence and underestimated paper influence
(3) Oedipus complex disputed. Masculinity and femininity gender identity forms earlier even without same sex parent available.
(4) Childhood sexuality not attributed to sexual wishes and conflicts.

Question 24

Repression

Answer 24

Freud believed the human mind buries painful experiences.
Today psychologists believe that repression rarely occurs.
Most people are not able to bury them away.

Question 25

Modern Unconscious Mind

Answer 25

We have limited access to all that goes on in our mind

Question 26

Unconscious Mind Involves (7):

Answer 26

(1) Schemas that control perception
(2) Priming by stimuli that we have not consciously attended
(3) Right and left hemispheres controlling opposite body reflexes
(4) Parallel processing of vision and thinking
(5) Implicit memories that operate without conscious recall
(6) Emotions that activate instantly with conscious analysis
(7) Stereotypes that automatically and unconsciously influence information about us and others

Question 27

Scientific theory

Answer 27

Freud’s theories rest on few objective observations and offer only “after the facet” explanations which fails to predict behavior.

Question 28

Support for Freudian Theory (2)

Answer 28

(1) Feud never intended psychoanalysis to be a predictive science. It is to find meaning in our state of mind.
(2) The unconscious defense mechanisms and importance of human sexuality are enduring ideas.

Question 29

Characteristics of Maslow’s self actualizing person (2)

Answer 29

(1) Hierarchy of needs from need to self authorization to fulfill potential
(2)

Question 30

Characteristics of Maslow’s self actualizing person (2)

Answer 30

(1) Hierarchy of needs from need to self authorization to fulfill potential
(2) Studied healthy and creative people

Question 31

Self authorized people exhibit (7):

Answer 31

(1) Self awareness
(2) Self accepting
(3) Open and spontaneous
(4) Love and care
(5) Intentions are problem centered
(6) Deep relationships
(7) Spiritual

Ex, Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson Eleanor Roosevelt.

Question 32

Characteristics of Carl Rogers Person Centered Perspective

Answer 32

People are basically good who if not challenged by environment are primed for growth and fulfillment.

Question 33

Forth growing environment must include (3):

Answer 33

(1) Genuineness - Open with feelings
(2) Acceptance - Values us even with failure
(3) Empathy - Sharing and mirroring feelings

Question 34

Supportive points from the Humanistic Perspective (3)

Answer 34

(1) Focuses on positive self concept for happiness and success
(2) Individualism leads to self indulgence, selfishness, and erodes moral restraint
(3) Fails to appreciate the reality of human capacity for evil.