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AY Respiratory > Buzzwords > Flashcards

Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

Right sided pleuritic chest pain

A

Most likely pneumonia

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2
Q

ABCDE of pulmonary oedema

A 
Alveolar bat wings
Kerley B lines 
Cardiomegaly 
Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels 
Pleural effusion
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3
Q

Ground glass appearance on X-Ray

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

Respiratory distress of the newborn

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4
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen stain positive for acid fast bacilli

A

TB

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5
Q

Caseous necrosis

A

TB

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6
Q

Apical disease

A

Most likely (secondary TB)

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7
Q

What is apical lesion called?

A

Assmann focus

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8
Q

What is miliary TB?

A

Spread of organism into bloodstream

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9
Q

If miliary TB spreads through the pulmonary artery what happens?

A

Miliary dissemination into the lung occurs

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10
Q

If miliary TB spreads through the pulmonary vein what happens?

A

Systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys

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11
Q

Positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpastures syndrome

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12
Q

Chest infection with parrot/pigeon as a pet

A

Chlamydophila psittaci

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13
Q

Dry cough and diRrhoe after holiday abroad, some indication of water spread

A

Legionella pneumophilia

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14
Q

Test for legionella pneumophilia

A

Urine antigen test

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15
Q

“Tall, thin man who indulges in marajuana” (a.k.a snoop dog)

A

Probably pneumothorax (marfans)

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16
Q

What is marfans syndrome?

A

Connective tissue disorder

Predisposes to pneumothorax

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17
Q 
Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy 
Erythema nodosum 
Granulomas 
Fatigue 
Uveitis 
Weight loss
A

Sarcoidosis

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18
Q

Bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole on CT (signet ring sign)

A

Bronchiectasis

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19
Q

D sign on X-Ray

A

Empyema

20
Q

Steeple sign on X-Ray

A

Latyngotracheobronchitis

Croup

21
Q

Child with barking cough

A

Croup

22
Q

Pneumonia with HIV

A

Pneumocystis pneumoniae

23
Q

Treatment for pneumocystis pneumoniae

A

Cotramoxazole

Prednisolone if severe

24
Q

Samters triad

A

Asthma
Nasal polyps
Salicylate sensitivity

25
Q

Alcoholic (danger of aspiration pneumoniae)

A

Klebsiella

26
Q

Klebsiella sputum colour

A

Red jelly sputum

27
Q

Chlamydia psittaci

A

Mucoid sputum

28
Q

Pneumococcal sputum colour

A

Mucoid sputum

29
Q

Cannonball metastasis

also weight loss and hEmaturia

A

Primary renal cell carcinoma

30
Q

Morning headache

A

Hypercapnia or side effects of organic nitrates

31
Q

ACTH secreting lung tumour

A

Small cell carcinoma of the lung

32
Q

PTH secreting lung tumour

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

33
Q

Neuroendorine, highly malignant and may be associated with ectopic endocrine syndromes

A

Small cell carcinoma

34
Q

Increased serum ACE and Ca2+

A

Sarcoidosis

35
Q

Eggshell calcification at hilar region

A

Silicosis

36
Q

‘Heart failure’ cells seen in alveolar spaces

Macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderjn

A

Chronic pulmonary oedema
LV heart failure
Also seen in long standing pulmonary hypertension

37
Q

Area of infection and caseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung beneath the pleura - found in TB

A

Ghon focus

38
Q

Coin lesion on CXR

A 
Primary bronchial or lung carcinoma 
Metastatic tumour (esp. of kidney) 
Hamartimcarcionoid tumour 
Granulomatous formation 
Lung abscess
39
Q

Pancoasts tumour causes

A

Horner’s syndrome

40
Q

Signs for Horner’s syndrome

A 
Ptosis 
Enophthalmos
Meiosis
Unilateral lack of sweating 
(Due to invasion of cervical sympathetic chain)
41
Q

Stony dull to percuss

A

Pleural effusion

42
Q

cANCA test positive

A

Granulomatous with polyangitis (GPA)

43
Q

Holy leaf sign

A

Pleural plaques

44
Q

Respiratory causes of clubbing

A 
A - abscess 
B - bronchiectasis (including CF) 
C - Carcinoma of the lung
D - Decreased PaO2 (hypoxia) 
E - Empyema 
F - Fibrotic lung disease
45
Q

Causes of pulmonary fibrosis

A 
B - bloody in 
R - radiation 
E - extrinsic allergic alveolitis 
A - ankylosing spondylitis 
S - sarcoidosis 
T - tuberculosis

C - cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
A - asbestosis

AY Respiratory (11 decks)

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