Chapter 20 Flashcards
Potential energy
Energy due to position
Kinetic energy
Energy due to motion
Work
Force acting over a distance
Temperature
The measure of the random motions of the components of a substance
Hear
The flow of energy due to a temperature difference
The amount of energy required to hear a substance depends on what 2 things
- The amount a substance is being heated
2. The temperature change
Specific heat capacity
The amount f energy required to raise 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius
Endothermic reaction
A reaction that requires heat
Ex: melting an ice cube
Endothermic reaction
Gives off heat
Ex: making ice cubes
Collision model
Reactions occur when molecules collide with one another
Some collisions are violent enough to break bonds
Concentration
The larger the concentration of reactants, the greater the chance of a reaction occurring, because more collisions are occurring
Temperature
Higher the temperature, faster molecules move, kinetic energy increases, collisions will be more energetic, higher probability that a reaction will occur
Activation energy
The minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to occur
Molecular orientation
The molecules must strike each other at the proper angle and orientation in order to form a reaction to occur. If the molecules are not lined up correctly the reaction will not occur the molecules will just bounce off of each other.
Catalyst
A substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed, your body contains many catalysts that are key in survival
