Endocrine Drugs Flashcards
What is an important side effect of carbimazole
Agranulocytosis
What drugs do you use for hyperthyroidism?
Carbimazole, propylthiouracil
what is are some side effects of bisphosphonates?
gastric reflux and osteonecrosis of the jaw
side effect of metformin? what are some considerations of metformin?
gastrointestinal upset
-if renal impairment present, need to stop metformin
what is a rare side effect of DPP4 inhibitors?
pancreatitis
how does acarbose work in diabetic medication?
Acarbose inhibits alpha-glucosidase and so delays carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption, leading to a decrease in postprandial glucose peaks.
SE of PDE5 inhibitor- Viagra
headaches
contraindications to PDE5 inhibitors?
• Totally contraindicated with nitrates bc they cause venodilation leading to hypotension
• Can’t have nitrates with 48 hrs of having a PDE5 inhibitor
• Safe with antihypertensives
Caution with alpha blocker
what type of drugs do we use to treat a PRL secreting pituitary adenoma?
dopamine agonists such as Bromocriptine and Cabegoline
what type of drug is octreotide? when can it be used?
Octreotide is a somatostatin analogue. It can be used in acromegaly (inhibits GH), oesophageal varices (to constrict splanchic vasculature, and in correcting sulfonylurea induced hypoglycaemia
what does somatostatin do in the body?
It inhibits the release of growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, thyrotrophin) from the anterior pituitary, and insulin and glucagon from the pancreas; it also decreases the release of most gastrointestinal hormones, and reduces gastric acid and pancreatic secretion.
what drugs can be used to treat acromegaly?
bromocriptine (dopamine agonist), octreotide, pegvisomant (GH antagonist)
what drug is used to treat Diabetes Insipidus?
desmopressin
what are some SE of bromocriptine or other D2 agonists?
nausea, psychological effects such as disinhibition and increased risk taking behaviours
can carbimazole be used during breastfeeding?
yes
